— 
abdomen has a small dot on each side, and a 
single dot near the tail—The raspberry plant- 
louse, Aphis rubi, is one of the largest of the 
plant-lice ; it makes its attacks about the time of 
the raspberry fruit being ripe; and, as it cannot 
be destroyed, it often makes great devastation.— 
The sallow plant-louse, Aphis caprew, found on 
the Salix caprea, has a prevailingly green colour, 
which becomes pale at the sides; its eyes, its ears, 
and the tips of its legs are black; and its abdo- 
men is pointed——The chief of the remaining 
well-ascertained aphides, not belonging to the 
eriosoma or blight-bug division, are the sorrel 
aphis, black with a green band, and inhabiting 
the common sorrel; the ashweed aphis, black, and 
inhabiting the Myopodium podagraria; the blue- 
vetch aphis, inhabiting the Vicia cracca; the 
sow-wort aphis, inhabiting the Serratula arvensis; 
the knapweed aphis, with black body, white 
wings, and brown tail, and inhabiting the Cen- 
taurea jacea; the lettuce aphis, green, and in- 
habiting the leaves of the garden lettuce; the 
maudlinwort aphis, with black head and corselet 
and greenish sucker and abdomen, and inhabit- 
ing the Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, the lov- 
age aphis, comparatively large, dark in colour, 
very long in the ears, thickened and punctured 
in the sides, and inhabiting the common lovage ; 
the lampwort aphis, black, and inhabiting the 
| Lychnis dioica; the water-lily aphis, prevailingly 
green yet variegated, and inhabiting various kinds 
of aquatic plants ; the bird cherry aphis, inhabit- 
ing the hagberry or bird cherry tree; the pars- 
nip aphis, inhabiting the garden parsnip; the 
plantain aphis, inhabiting the young stems of the 
plantain; the primrose aphis, laying eggs which 
change from green to black, and inhabiting the 
auricula, the polyanthus, and some other species 
of primula; and the scabiose aphis, inhabiting 
devil’s bit and other species of scabiosa. 
The woolly blight, American blight, white blight, 
| or apple blight bug, Lrzosoma mali, Aphis lanc- 
gera, or Aphis lanata, is one of the most remark- 
able and mischievous species of the whole of the 
aphis family. It infests apple trees, and some- 
times reduces entire orchards to sterility. It is of 
comparatively middle size, and has a pitch brown 
colour, but envelops itself in a white silky down. 
In spring, a slight hoariness appears upon the 
branches of infested trees ; as the season advances, 
this hoariness increases and becomes cottony; 
and about the middle or toward the end of sum- 
mer, it looks like a vestment of thick down upon 
the lower sides of the branches, and is sufficiently 
long and pendulous to be at times sensibly agi- 
tated by the air. A multitude of small wingless 
insects, the woolly or American blight-bugs, will 
be found, on examination, to lie concealed in this 
downy substance, and to be preying beneath it 
upon the bark and juices of the tree. The albur- 
num or sap wood, being wounded by them, rises 
up in excrescences and nodes; the branch, de- 
its leaves, and perishes; branch after branch is 
assailed, becomes leafless, and dies; and finally 
the stem and roots, deprived of every connexion 
with living leaf and branch, decay beyond all 
reach of remedy. In autumn, the insects are dis- 
persed by the winds and rains, and secrete them- 
selves in the crannies of any neighbouring sub- 
stance. ‘Should the savoy cabbage be near the 
trees whence they have been dislodged, the cavi- 
ties of the under sides of its leaves are commonly 
favourite asylums for them. Multitudes perish 
by these rough removals, but numbers yet re- 
main; and we may find them in the nodes and 
crevices, on the under sides of the branches, at 
any period of the year, the long cottony vesture 
being removed, but still they are enveloped in a 
fine, short, downy clothing, to be seen by a mag- 
nifier, proceeding, apparently, from every suture 
or pore of their bodies, and protecting them in 
their dormant state from the moisture and frosts 
of our climate. This aphis, in a natural state, 
usually awakens and commences its labours very 
early in the month of March; and the hoariness 
on its body may be observed increasing daily ; 
but if any infected branch be cut in the winter, | 
and kept in water in a warm room, these aphides 
will awaken speedily, spin their cottony vests, 
and feed and discharge, as accustomed to do ina 
genial season.” 
cleanliness, and efficiency, are syringing with 
soap-suds and tobacco water, minutely brushing © 
with spirits of turpentine, brushing with a mix-— 
ture of three parts of soap-lees and one of oil of | 
turpentine, and brushing with brown impure | 
pyroligneous acid. 
The plum blight-bug, Hriosoma pruni, is often : 
confounded with the American or apple blight- 
bug, but is a perfectly distinct species, and in- | 
fests the younger branches of plum, apricot, nec- — 
It passes the winter in — 
chinks and cracks of the bark of the trees, mul- | 
tiplies prodigiously in spring, and often renders | 
the fruit of the trees not worth gathering. The — 
tarine, and peach trees. 
methods for destroying the apple blight-bug will 
be equally efficacious against the plum blight- 
bug; but they ought to be kept from contact with 
the fruit—The ash blight-bug, Lrvosoma fraxint, 
found on the branches of the ash-tree, has a 
mixedly green and black colour; its abdomen is 
green, but has the edges black; its head and its 
° e i) 
corselet are black ; and its ears and legs are vari- 
egated.—The pine blight-bug, Hriosoma pineti, 
found on the Scotch pine, has prevailingly a black 
colour, concealed beneath a covering of white 
mealy down; and its hind legs are long and 
prived of its nourishment, becomes sickly, loses ; fringed——The purse blight-bug, Hriosoma bur- 
This very destructive aphis, | 
greatly magnified, is represented in 7g. 13, Plate | 
XVI.; and an apple-branch infected with it, is — 
represented in (7g. 14. Numerous methods of | 
destroying it have been proposed and tested; but | 
some are expensive, some are very dirty, and | 
some are either wholly or partially inefficient. | 
The best of the methods, as to at once cheapness, | 
a ee 
