_ and diversified mass of verdure. 
| parently remote objects may yet be concurrently 
236 
ciates artificial with natural objects; the dwelling | 
with the surrounding country. In precise ac- 
cordance with this design, therefore, should be its 
arrangement and appearance. Trees growing in 
extension groups, ev masse, or even arboretums 
planted without regard to the size, the appear- 
ance, or the general character of the plants, are 
inadmissible and intolerable where all is required 
to be harmonious, and to a certain extent com- 
fortable. 
“In planting ornamental trees and shrubs (and 
no others should be allowed a place in the plea- 
sure-ground), they should if possible be so ar- 
ranged as to stand quite distinct of each other, 
that every one may be witnessed and examined 
apart from the rest, without suffering any detrac- 
tion from having all parts of its surface exposed. 
| They must likewise be so blended, associated, and 
intermingled, that when viewed at a distance, 
they may present the appearance of an agreeable 
These two ap- 
accomplished. In parterres or shrubberies, of 
whatever dimensions or extent, a due regard to 
the known character or known habits of the 
plants employed, will enable the gardener to place 
them precisely at such distances as will allow 
them full room for their full and complete exten- 
sion, without becoming entangled with other 
plants, or if the smallest of the plot or diminutive 
size of the plants preclude this arrangement in 
the first instance, without derogation from the 
appearance of the group, they can be planted so 
as to admit of any subsequent thinning to the 
required extent. Shrubberies thus planted with 
exotic trees only would be in themselves arbore- 
tums, and if that charming variety which can 
alone please the eye be consulted and effectuated, 
none of the objections we have before urged 
against those departments would apply in this 
case. It is true that species, and even genera, 
_ would thus be separated and scattered promiscu- 
ously throughout the group, so that it would 
be almost impossible to trace their associations. 
Pleasure-gardens are not, however, nurseries for 
botanists; at least, we imagine, few proprietors 
of them would entertain and follow out such an 
idea, at the expense of everything that would 
render them attractive and picturesque.” 
ARBUTUS. A genus of beautiful evergreen 
shrubs and under-shrubs, ofthe heath tribe. The 
common species, or strawberry-tree, is indigenous 
in the south-west of Ireland, and everywhere cul- 
tivated in the shrubberies of Great Britain; the 
bear-berry species grows wild on heathy moun- 
tainous grounds in Scotland and England; the 
black-berried species grows wild on the Scottish 
mountains; five foreign species have been intro- 
duced to our shrubberies and greenhouses from 
the Canaries, the Levant, and Peru; and six other 
species are known to botanists. The popular 
name strawberry-tree, applied to the common 
species, alludes to the close resemblance which 
ARBUTUS. 
the fruit, in colour, shape, and size, possesses t 
a strawberry. 
The common species, Arbutus wnedo, is one of. 
the most beautiful of hardy shrubs ; it shows little 
of the sombreness of most evergreens in summer, 
and displays the brilliance of one of the richest 
of evergreens in winter; and it is covered with 
both blossoms and ripe fruits in October and 
November, and is thus one of the most charming 
objects in the vegetable world. It is a native of 
only Spain, Italy, and the south-west of Ireland; 
it grows in the last of these countries as plenti- 
fully and luxuriantly as in the kingdom of Naples ; 
it particularly abounds in the limestone glens and 
slopes of the magnificent mountain basin of the 
Kerry lakes: and it frequently spreads out in 
such sheets, and soars aloft in such altitude, as 
to give a decided tint and character to large 
groupings or expanses of the gorgeous scenery. 
Though it rarely attains a height of more than 
10 feet in British gardens, and can with difficulty 
be maintained as a mere tiny shrub in some situa- 
tions in Scotland; yet, in its wild state in Kerry, 
it often attains a height of between 20 and 30 
feet, and occasionally a girth of between 8 and 9 
feet. As grown in the shrubberies and villa- 
grounds of Britain, it is usually a tall shrub, and 
may be kept down to any size. Its stem is cov- 
ered with a light brown, rough, and falling bark ; 
its branches have a colour approaching to purple ; 
its fresh shoots are of a red colour, and a little 
hairy; its leaves have an oblong oval form, are 
smooth and beautifully serrated, stand on short 
footstalks, and grow alternately on the branches ; 
its older leaves contrast with the younger by 
having their footstalk and midrib of a fine scar- 
let colour; its flowers, according to the variety, 
are white, whitish-yellow, and pink, but do not 
of themselves make any considerable show; and 
its fruit pass through a whole twelvemonth in 
the process of growing and ripening, appear when 
ripe like very large red strawberries, are used | 
by the Spaniards for the manufacture of a sugar 
and a spirit, and, though decidedly repugnant in 
taste and flavour to most persons, are eaten by 
the peasantry of Kerry south of Italy. 
Several well-established varieties of the com- 
mon arbutus are extensively cultivated, and have 
been fully recognised by both the nurseryman- 
and the botanist. The entire-leaved variety, 
Arbutus integrifolia, is characterized by the even- 
edgedness of its leaves, produces pink-coloured 
flowers, and attains little more than one-half the 
height of the normal or parent variety—The 
oblong-fruited variety is characterized by the 
largeness and oblongity of its flowers, and the 
largeness and oval-shapedness of its fruit; it at- 
tains the greatest height, and makes the noblest 
figure of any of the varieties; and it even occa- 
sionally contributes its timber to various purposes 
of utility—The round-fruited variety differs from 
the preceding only in having pitcher - shaped 
flowers, and round-shaped fruit.— The red- 
