540 BRIDLE. 
Cornwall, SS ons2 200° 3 13 
Coventry, 12,821 14 4 8,949 8 43 
Garaleieagt 1,350 3 24 2,216 19 9 
Derby, 7,056 11 104 6,823 17 33 
Dorset, 1,745 15 13 1,894 14 6 
Durham, . 5,239 17 TF 5,595 3 O} 
Essex, 11,036 10 74 10,399 2 104 
Exeter, . sys (0) 7A 1,741 1l 7% 
Gloucester, 7,007 2 8 4,310 16 7 
Grantham, 8.918 11 64 7,148 11 23 
Halifax, 4,766 17 11 3,176 ll 63 
Hants, SAD OT aun 6,535 0 8 
Hereford, 1,971 10 04 1,808 12 523 
Hertford, . 9,113 7 44 14,928 9 8 
iStnDR R 7,041 7 10 Ise) sy Il 
Isle of Wight, 5,665 7 63 8,330 17 6 
Lancaster, . 6,769 1 24 9.615 6 8 
Leeds, . » O%853) 1 5 9,314 13 53 
Lichfield, . 13,360 8 84 9,185 17 114 
Lincoln, 8,398 12 103 CoP US LS 
Liverpool, 14,699 6 7% 37,649 9 43 
Lynn, 4,801 5 03 8,071 4 33 
Manchester, 34,793 5 82 44,290 15 7 
Newcastle, 7,450 16 5 6,664 2 63 
Northampton, 5,483 10 33 5,332 11 43 
Northwich, . 15,443 1 23 12,244 3 O21 
Norwich, . 3,292 16 0% 5,890 18 10 
Oxford, . Di Omlamne 2,670 4 O% 
Plymouth, . HRS) WP "7 408 14 113 
Reading, 4,314 5 23 5,511 13 113 
Rochester, ONG) G. 1f 44,644 7 5 
Salisbury, . 4,719 5 93 4,793 4 74 
Salop, . 5,182 6 74 3,900 16 5k 
Sheffield, 6,618 3 92 5,056 7 53 
Stafford, TROO2M2 mos 9,118 2 9 
Stourbridge, 24,665 16 3 18,574 18 7 
Suffolk, 6,744 18 112 7,105 8 821 
Surrey, . 15,434 6 03 08,680 16 03 
Sussex, 14,691 9 114 Norah jh Zh 
Uxbridge, 2NGo lemme AG 
Wales, East, 4,372 18 43 5,874 8 74 
Middle, 946 18 10+ 384 12 44 
North, 3,319 11 24 ARS Te 
BMA NESEY 226 3 64 301 5 3 
Wellington, 6,420 7 43 POE 7 O 
Whitby, 6,186 17 332 DS 9) G8 
Wigan, . 10,001 6 4 13,799 16 43 
Worcester, 4,363 14 104 3,643 12 34 
| York, 8,303 4 10 6,294 18 O24 
Country, 435,753 13 63 527,148 1 13 
Lonpon, 23,911 11 63 31,267 12 10 
Total, 459,665 5 1 558,415 13 114 
BRIDLE. An implement of straps of leather 
and pieces of metal, for keeping a horse in sub- 
jection and controlling his motion. The several 
parts of a bridle are the bit or snaffle; the head- 
stall, or leather from the top of the head to the 
rings of the bit; the fillet, over the forehead and 
under the foretop; the throat-band, buckling 
from the head-band under the throat; the 
nose-bands, going through the loops at the back 
of the head-stall, and buckled under the cheeks; 
and the reins, attached to the rings of the bit, 
cast over the horse’s head, and held in the rider’s 
or driver’s hand. See the article Bir. 
BRIDLE, or Muzzur. The terminating part 
of a plough, or that to which the draught is ap- 
plied. The bridle of the East Lothian plough is 
attached to the point of the beam, and made 
subservient to the varieties of the draught, by 
ceed be siti ee a 12 
-| districts than upon the coast. 
BRINING. 
means of two bolts. The foremost bolt is perma- 
nent, and serves for the bridle to turn vertically 
upon; and the hindmost is moveable, and serves, 
by adjustment in different holes, to vary and 
determine the earthing of the plough.—The bri- 
dle of the Lanarkshire plough consists of a fas- 
tening or attachment for the draught, a draught- 
bolt, and a fork or sheers,—the last identical 
with the end of the beam ; and the attachment 
for the draught yields a horizontal adjustment, 
while the sheers yield a vertical adjustment.— 
The bridles of other varieties of plough differ 
from one another and from these, with the same 
adaptation to peculiar structure as in these two 
ploughs. See the article Proven. 
BRIDLE-HAND. The left hand of the horse- 
man, being that which holds the bridle; while 
his right hand is the spear, sword, or whip hand. 
BRINE, The steep liquor of salted flesh or 
salted fish. The name is frequently applied to 
the liquid as prepared for steeping ; but it more 
properly belongs to the liquid which remains 
after the steeping process is completed, and even 
to that which continues with the salted flesh and 
salted fish after they are packed in casks or other 
vessels. All brine, in the latter sense, 1s power- 
ful manure, and ought not to be treated as waste. 
It contains a certain degree of the same fertiliz- 
ing elements as blood and oil, and is particularly 
rich in common salt. The brine of herrings, 
though indebted for very nearly all its fertilizing 
power to the common salt which it contains, has 
been extensively and effectively used for manure, 
and would be much more efficacious in inland 
“ A barrel of her- 
rings,” says Mr. Shier, “affords on an average 
three gallons of waste brine, containing in solu- 
tion about 12 lbs. of salt, which gives for the to- 
tal quantity cured, gutted and ungutted (at all 
the British fisheries, almost exclusively Scotch), 
in 1841, 3,574 tons of salt; and, including the 
undissolved salt found-in the casks that have 
been emptied to fill up the rest, the salt amounts 
to 3,674 tons. Reckoning 2 cwt. a sufficient 
dressing for an acre of grass or grain crop, this 
quantity would dress 36,740 acres. The brine is 
generally sold at sixpence per barrel, which gives 
for the quantity mentioned £1,929. At many 
stations, the brine is not so carefully saved as it 
might be; and at the beginning of the season, 
when the fish are in the best condition, it is in 
greater demand than toward the close.” See the 
article Fisu. 
BRINING. The application of brine to grass 
and grain crops, seeds, potatoes, or hay, in or- 
der to prevent disease or fermentation. A solu- 
tion of common salt and water, in the proportion 
of a pound of salt to a gallon of water, aspersed 
upon a grain-crop with a plasterer’s brush, near- 
ly with the same kind of action as the broadcast 
hand-sowing of seed, is said to effect the instant 
destruction of mildew; and though it also dam- 
ages some plants, it compensates that loss by the 
