| lichens. 
620 
no hope, therefore, of being able to afford such 
prominence to this genus as would be in keep- 
ing with its prodigious and bulky ascendency in 
the public nurseries or in public favour. 
All the species of calceolaria yet known are 
natives of the countries on the west side of 
the Cordilleras, or of the southern islands 
and southern continental districts of South 
America. The most beautiful are natives of 
Chili and Peru, and grow so abundantly in 
these countries as to impart their hue to the 
general vegetation, nearly in the same manner 
in which daisies, dandelions, buttercups, and 
primroses gem the several kinds of sward and 
pasture in England. Some inhabit the low-lying 
districts of their native regions; and others in- 
habit the lofty portions of the Andes which are 
| Situated immediately below the rocky, pinnacled, 
barren and almost bare region of the alpine 
The species of Chili are different from 
those of Peru and Patagonia; and the species 
| which inhabit the plains are much more tender 
than the species which inhabit the mountains; 
yet almost all the fine English hybrids, whether 
| retaining the original habit of the Chilian spe- 
cies, or somewhat acclimated by the process of 
hybridizing, possess the medium tenderness of 
greenhouse plants. 
The flower of a calceolaria has two stamens and 
a two-lipped monopetalous corolla ; and the lower 
lip is so much larger than the upper, and so com- 
pletely inflated or heaved out as to cause the 
whole corolla to have the shape of a purse or bag. 
The ground colour of most is yellow, and that of 
othersis white, sulphur-colour, straw-colour,ochre- 
ous-colour, orange, brown, or intermediate shades; 
and many, especially of the hybrid kinds, are pro- 
fusely variegated with dots, stripes, and blotches 
of a second colour. The normal character of a 
prime plant, as propounded by Mr. Glenny in his 
“Properties of Flowers,” and concurred in by 
most cultivators, but generally applicable to only 
the finest hybrids, are as follows: “The plant 
should be shrubby; the foliage thick and dark 
green; the wood strong. The flower-stems should 
| be short and strong; the footstalks of the blooms 
elastic, and branch well away from each other, to 
form a rich mass of flowers without crowding. 
The individual blooms depend entirely on the 
form of the purse; and it should be a perfect 
round hollow ball. The orifice and calyx can- 
not be too small, nor the flower too large. The 
colour should be very dense ; and whether it be a 
spot in the middle, or stripes or blotches, should 
be bold and well defined ; and the ground should 
be all one colour or shade, whether white, straw- 
colour, sulphur, yellow, or any other. The colour 
|| of itself should be brilliant, and all over the same 
actual shade. Dark flowers with pale edges, or 
clouded or indefinite colours, are bad and unfit to 
show. The bloom should form one handsome 
| bunch of pendant flowers, commencing where the 
foliage leaves off; and the flower-stems should 
CALCEOLARIA, 
not be seen between the foliage and the flowers, 
which should hang gracefully, and be close to 
each other; the branches of the flower-stems 
holding them out to form a handsome spreading 
surface.” 
The pinnate-leaved species, C. pinnata, was in- 
troduced from Peru in 1773: it is a halftender 
annual, grows about two feet high, and carries 
yellow flowers from July till September.—F other- 
gill’s species, C. Fothergilli, was introduced from 
Falkland’s Island in 1777: it is a small evergreen 
herb of about 6 or 8 inches in height, and carries 
orange-coloured flowers from May till August.— 
The scabious-leaved species, C. scabioswefolia, was 
introduced from Chili in 1822; and is a trailing 
evergreen of about two feet in height, and carries 
yellow flowers from May till October. — The 
wrinkled and the entire-leaved species, C. rugosa 
and (. integrifolia, were also brought from Chili 
in 1822; and they are evergreen undershrubs of 
about two feet in height, and carry yellow flowers 
in August and September.—Herbert’s species, C. 
Herbertiana, was introduced from Chili in 1828; 
and is an evergreen herb of about two feet in 
height, carrying yellow flowers from May till 
October.—The two-coloured species, C. bicolor, 
called by some botanists C. diffusa, was brought 
from Peru in 1829; and is a shrub of two feet in 
height, with yellow and whitish flowers.—The 
narrow - flowered species, C. angustiflora, was 
brought from Peru in 1830; and is a shrub of 
about 20 inches in height, with yellow flowers.— 
The Chiloe species, C. chiloensis, was brought from 
Chiloe in 1830; and is a shrub of two feet in 
height, with yellow flowers—The very clammy 
species, C. viscosissima, was brought from Chili 
in 1832; and is a shrub of three feet in height, 
with orange yellow flowers.—The purple species, 
C. purpurea, was brought from Chili in 1831; and 
is a hardy herbaceous plant, of about a foot in 
height, with pale purple flowers.—The sessile | 
species, C. sessilis, was brought from Valparaiso | 
in 1832; and is a shrub of about 20 inches in | 
height, with yellow flowers.—The white species, 
C. arachnoidea, was brought from Chili in 1832; 
and is an herb of about a foot in height, with 
white flowers. 
To enumerate all the English hybrids, or even 
a tolerably fair specimen of them, is the business 
of a professional florist’s catalogue. We can af- 
ford to mention only a few of the finest which 
were first produced ; and we take, as our authority 
for these, as we have also done for our notice ot 
the several species, the last edition of Loudon’s 
Hortus Britannicus :—C. Gellaniana, intermediate 
between corymbosa and purpurea, with an ochre- 
ous and dark flower; C. Hopeana, intermediate 
between corymbosa and plantaginea, with yellow 
flowers; C. Morrisoni, intermediate between Fo- 
thergillii and integrifolia, with ochreous flowers ; 
C. Polyantha, intermediate between corymbosa 
and petiolaris, with yellow flowers; C. Youngz, 
CO. Y. pallidior, C. Y. dilecta, OC. Y. atra, intermedi- 
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