_ 
 CATTLEYA. 
hind a fence at the distance of twenty-five yards ; 
but it was not till six or seven balls had actually 
entered the head of the animal, one of them pass- 
ing in at the eye, that he at last fell. During 
the whole time he never flinched nor changed his 
ground, merely shaking his head as he received 
the several shots. Many more stories might be 
told of hair-breadth escapes, accidents of sundry 
kinds, and an endless variety of peculiar habits 
observable in these animals, as more or less in 
all animals existing in a wild state; but I think 
I have recapitulated all that my memory suggests 
to me as most deserving of notice.’—Aeports of 
the Board of Agriculture—Marshall’s County Re- 
ports — Transactions of the Highland Society — The 
Farmer's Magazine.— The Journal of the Royal 
Agricultural Society of England—Papers of Mr. 
Dickson and other writers in Quarterly Journal of 
Agriculture.— Rev. Mr. Berry’s Account of the 
Short-Horns—Culley on Live Stock—Youatt on 
| Cattle. — Sir John Sinclair's General Report of 
| Scotland —Buel’s Farmer’s Instructor —Mortimer’s 
Husbandry. — Martin Doyles Works. — Dickson's 
- Agriculture—Low’s Agriculture. 
CATTLEYA. A genus of very splendid epi- 
phytous, stove plants, of the orchis tribe. The 
earliest species known in Britain, was introduced 
in 1815; and ten other species were introduced 
before the close of 1837. The genus was named 
in honour of W. Cattley, Esq., of Barnet in Here- 
fordshire, an enthusiastic patron of botany, and 
a member of the London Horticultural Society. 
| Some of the species differ widely from others in 
foliage, size of flowers, habits of flowering, and 
other characters; so that the genus is likely, at 
some future period, to be divided into several 
genera. Some flower early in the season, or take 
a rest between the bulbing and the flowering ; 
and others flower later, or make one continuous 
growth from the forming of the bulb till the com- 
pletion of the flower; and the former of these 
classes have, in their native country, a double 
season or a second or returning rain, while the 
latter have only a single rainy season. 
Loddige’s ‘species, C’ Loddigesiz, is a native of 
South America, and was the first species brought 
to Britain. It has elongated pseudo-bulbs, two 
leaves, and an exquisitely delicate violet coloured 
flower; and it grows to about a foot in length, 
flowers from August till October, and seldom 
makes more than one pseudo-bulb in the season. 
The lip of the flower is curved downward, and 
the sepals and petals are bent backward, so as to 
render the entire form of the flower remarkably 
handsome.—Forbes’s species, C. Morbesti, was in- 
troduced from Brazil in 1823. It also has elon- 
gated pseudo-bulbs and two leaves; and its flowers 
are straw-coloured, with a mixture of white on 
the lip. It usually begins to flower in March; 
it continues to grow and flower till October; and 
it then sinks into repose-—The spotted-flowered 
species, C. guttata, was introduced from Brazil in 
1827. It agrees in the character of bulb and 
CAULIFLOWER. 747 
leaf with the two preceding species; and usually 
attains a length of about a foot, and blooms in 
autumn. The lip of its flower is pinkish yellow 
colour, mixed with white; and the sepals and 
petals are greenish yellow, spotted with dark 
brown.—Skinner’s species, C. Skinner?, was in- 
troduced from Guatemala in 1836. It is one of 
the most splendid of the two-leaved species; and 
usually attains a length of about 20inches. One 
variety of it has light pink flowers, and another 
dark pink; but both are exceedingly handsome. 
Its flower has a very small column, almost con- 
cealed by the rolling round it of the lip; and it 
considerably resembles a flower of 7icopelia tor- 
talis—The two-coloured species, C. bzcolor, has a 
height of only about 4 or 5 inches, and carries a 
single flower which is nearly as large as all the rest 
of the plant. C. odoratissima, has large, rich-col- 
oured, agreeably fragrant flowers, and otherwise 
resembles Loddige’s species. C. crispa hasa single 
leaf, thick, short pseudo-bulbs, whitish pink se- 
pals and petals, and crisped and crimson-marked 
flower-lip. C. Perini and C. citrina have a very 
close resemblance to the genus Lelia; and the 
former is very splendid. C. labiata, introduced 
from South America in 1818, is pronounced by 
Mr. P. N. Don the most noble and graceful of all 
the species that, up to 1840, had flowered in Bri- 
tain. “It has the largest flowers,” says he, “and | 
at the same time the richest colours. The petals | 
are an exceedingly delicate pink; the sepals | 
brighter; and the lip, which is large, is of the 
richest crimson; with several intermediate col- | 
ours, which give it a noble appearance. But it | 
is impossible to convey in words any idea of the | 
beauty of this flower, which is equally rich and | 
delicate.” But an unintroduced species called | 
C. gigantea is described as far excelling even this — 
brilliant favourite of Mr. Don. | 
CATWHIN. See Rose. 
CAUCALIS. See Bur Parstey. 
CAUDEX. The trunk of a tree. 
ticle TREz. 
CAUL. See Cawt. | 
CAULIFLOWER,—hbotanically Brassica Oler=— 
acea Botrytis Caulijlora. A subvariety of the > 
cabbage species. See the articles Brassica and | 
Cappacr. A cauliflower plant is so nearly allied — 
to broccoli as to be nearly undistinguishable from | 
it by an unpractised eye; but it so greatly dif- | 
fers from any of the borecoles, savoys, or true | 
cabbages, as to seem to superficial observers to | 
be connected with them only by arbitrary and 
useless classification. The leaves of a cauliflower, 
even when quite young, are readily distinguish- | 
able by the uninitiated from those of a cabbage; | 
and the flower-stems and fructification produce a | 
broad, compact, esculent head of white flower- 
buds, while those of the cabbage rise into a many- 
branched spike of mutually detached and quite 
inedible flowers. “The common cabbage puts 
out one upright stem, from the centre of the 
cabbage, which afterwards divides into several 
See the ar- | 
