eto 
— en 
870 CORN-SALAD. 
winter and the early part of spring —When the 
existence of chrysalides of the corn-moth in a 
granary is known or suspected, the floors, walls, 
and roof ought, in the latter part of autumn or 
in winter, to be well swept with a hard brush, 
or washed with some caustic solution ; and when 
the caterpillars have effected a lodgment, and 
the corn is not to be used for sowing, the whole 
of the grain should be kiln-dried.—Another spe- 
cies of corn-moth, 7inea horde, is known on the 
continent; but it confines itself principally to 
barley, and does not seem to occur in Britain. 
CORN-POPPY. See Poppy. 
CORN-RAKE. See Rakes. 
CORN-SACK. See Sack. 
CORN-SALAD,—botanically Valerianella olvto- 
TU. 
the lamb’s lettuce genus. 
it has long been cultivated for winter and spring 
salads. 
| of an inch to two inches long, according to the 
goodness of the soil,—and they are oblong, broad 
and rounded at the extremity, and narrow and 
embracing each other at the base ; its stem leaves | 
occur in pairs at the points, and are similarly 
shaped to the radical leaves, but smaller; its 
stem is angular, and from 3 to 9 inches high, and 
divides into two branches, each of which divides 
| into other two; its flowers are produced in clus- 
| ters at the end of the branches, and, in their 
wild state, usually appear in April and May; and. 
its seeds are roundish, compressed on one side, | 
and comparatively large, and are very apt to 
drop before they attain their ripened colour. 
This plant is cultivated as a spring salad herb, 
but in consequence of having a strong taste 
which many palates dislike, it is less used than 
| at a former period. It should be sown about the 
latter end of August, on the spot on which it is 
intended te remain, and it will be fit for use early 
in spring. Persons who relish it may have it: 
during the greater part of the year, from monthly 
or fortnightly sowings, commencing in February 
and ending in September. 
to either soil or treatment. 
CORN-STUBBLE. See StusBie. 
CORNUCOPIA. A hardy annual grass, of the 
phleum or phalaris tribe. 
of itself, and takes for its specific name cuculatwm. 
In spite of its bearing the pretending and pom- 
pous name of the horn of plenty, it is far more cu- 
rious than useful. It was brought to Britain 
from the Levant in 1788; and it grows about 6 
or 8 inches high, and flowers in August.—Cornu- 
copia or cornucopiz is also a hardy and some- 
what ornamental annual, of the small genus /e- 
dia, belonging to the order Valerianese. It grows 
a foot high, carries red flowers in June and July, 
was brought from the south of Europe toward 
the close of last century, and is the only kind of 
fedia known in Britain,—though some of the old 
botanists classed the corn-salad as a fedia. 
‘months of autumn. 
An indigenous, cultivated, annual plant, of | 
| It grows wild in the | 
corn fields of Britain, especially in light soil; and 
Its radical leaves are from three-fourths 
It is not fastidicus as. 
It constitutes a genus: 
COROLLA. 
CORNUS. See Doewoon. 
CORNUTIA. A beautiful, evergreen, hothouse 
shrub, of the verbena tribe. It constitutes a 
genus of itself, and is specifically designated py- 
ramidata; but it is closely allied to the genus 
hosta. It is a native of Mexico and the West 
Indies, and was introduced to Britain during the 
former half of last century. It has a height of 
from 6 to 12 feet; its branches are straggling ; 
its leaves are opposite; and its flowers have a 
fine blue colour, and are produced in spikes at 
the end of the branches, and usually appear in 
July and maintain their beauty through two 
It may be propagated from 
either seeds or cuttings. 
CORNWEED, or Harcuer- Vetcu, —botani- 
cally Biserrula Pelecinus. A hardy, annual, hand- 
some plant, of the pea tribe. It was brought to 
Britain from the South of Europe, about the 
middle of the 17th century, and is the only known 
species of biserrula,—a name which signifies “a 
double little saw,” and alludes to the sawed out- 
line of both sides of the pods. The stems of the 
plant are numerous, angular, and trailing; its 
leaves are long and pinnated, each consisting of 
many pairs of cordate leaflets, and a terminating 
odd one; its flowers are small, purplish, and pa- 
pilionaceous, grow in small groups on footstalks 
toward the upper part of the branches, and ap- 
pear in July and August; and its peds are about | 
an inch long, and centain two rows of kidney- | 
shaped seeds. 
CORN-WEEVIL. See Cananpra. 
CORN-WORM. See Corn-Moru. 
COROLLA. The inner one of the two leafy 
whorls which envelope the reproductive organs 
of a pheenogameus plant. It has generally a finer 
texture than the calyx or outer envelope; it, 
with very few exceptions, possesses all or most 
of the brilliant colours and agreeable odours 
which distinguish flowers; it is frequently the 
only part which the popular mind pronounces 
really floral; and it well deserves its proud 
name of corolla, or crown and chaplet of the 
whole plant. Yet in all the numerous pheeno- 
gamous plants which are designated apetalous, 
| such as all the grasses and very many of the mo- 
noecious and dioecious classes, the corolla is to- ° 
tally awanting; in numerous others, it consti- 
tutes the only envelope of the reproductive or- 
gans, no calyx being present; in a few, a single 
coloured envelope exists, of so doubtful a charac- 
ter as to be taken by some botanists for a corolla, 
and by others for a calyx; and in some, either 
the calyx is so highly coloured as to be readily 
mistaken by an unscientific observer for a co- 
rolla, or the calyx and the corolla are so blended 
into each other in both form and colouring as to 
be popularly mistaken for a single floral envelope. 
Yet notwithstanding these varied and very nu- 
merous exceptions, a corolla is, par excellence, a 
flower, and possesses the attraction of at once 
| colour, shape, and fragrance, for the sake of 
