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CYRTANTHUS. 
926 
CYPRIPEDIUM. See Lavrzs’ Sctpprr. P 
 CYRTANTHUS. A genus of beautiful, tuber- 
ous-rooted, Cape-of-Good-Hope plants, of the am- 
aryllis order. 
er,” and is expressive of their most striking dis- 
tinguishing feature. Nine or ten species, with 
stems from 10 to 80 inches high, and with floral 
colours of different kinds of red from pink to 
orange, have been introduced to Britain ; and 
may copy be regarded as an allied group to the 
gorgeous genus of amaryllis proper. 
CYSTITIS. See Inrirammarion. 
OYTISUS. A genus of beautifully flowering 
shrubs and small trees, of the genista division of 
the pea family. A number of species formerly in- 
cluded in it are now assigned to six other 
genera; but about fifty known species still belong 
to it, and about forty of these are cultivated in 
Great Britain. Most are natives of the middle 
and southern parts of continental Hurope; nearly 
all are shrubs, and carry yellow-coloured flowers ; 
a considerable ‘proportion are sub-evergreen, and 
four are almost wholly evergreen ; one, the com- 
mon broom, is abundantly indigenous; and all, 
with two partial exceptions, are quite hardy, and 
well fitted to adorn lawns, shrubberies, and gar- 
dens. The beautiful and generally diffused la- 
burnum is the type of the whole, but far exceeds 
them all in size. See the relies Broom and 
Lasurnum. Some have their flowers in terminal 
racemes, and others in axillary or close terminal 
heads; and the former: class. greatly excel the 
latter in beauty. ‘The leaves of all are trifoliate, 
alternate, and stipulate ; ‘their. calyxes are two- 
lipped; and their pods are glandless, compressed, 
and many-seeded. 
The sessile-leaved cytisus, or smooth round- 
leaved cytisus, or trefoil-tree, or base tree-trefoil, 
CO. sessilifolius, is a native of Italy, Spain, and 
France, and was introduced to Britain in the 
former half of the 17th century. Its height, in 
natural growth, is about six feet; its branches 
i 
vy 
od 
Their name means “curved flow-- 
END OF VOLUME FIRS at. 
CYTISUS. 
‘| are round, smooth, brown, erect, and very brit- 
tle; its leaves are small, smooth, shining, and 
nearly of a fine green. colour, and, on some 
branches, they are strictly sessile, while on others 
they have very short footstalks ; and its flowers 
are produced in short, erect, terminal racemes, 
and have a fine yellow colour, and appear in May 
and June, and exist and flourish in such profu- 
sion as almost to cover the whole shrub -with 
bloom. This species is in very general cultiva- 
tion in British gardens as a shrub; but in some 
districts, particularly in the vicinity of London, 
it is sometimes grafted standard-high on the be 
burnum, and it then forms a most symmetri- 
cal, round-headed, luxuriantly-flowering small 
tree. 
The black cytisus, or blackish smooth cytisus, 
C. nigricans, is a native of Austria, Bohemia, 
Spain, and Italy, and was introduced to Britain 
in 1730. Its usual height is from 3 to 6 feet; its 
outline is bushy; its branches are numerous, and 
covered with a brown bark; its young shoots are 
greenish red; its leaves consist of oblong-oval 
folioles, and are dark green above, and paler be- 
low ; and its flowers are produced in long, erect, 
close, terminal racemes, have a beautiful yellow 
colour, and appear in June and July. ‘The epi- 
thet “black,” in its popular name, refers to its 
root.—The purple-flowered species, C. purpureus, 
was introduced from Austria about half a cen- 
tury ago. It grows about 3 or 4 feet high, has a. 
tubular calyx, and blooms from May till August. 
A variety of it, C. p. albiflorus, has white-coloured 
flowers. The white species, C. albidus, is a native} 
of the south of Europe, grows 4 or 5 feet high, 
| carries white flowers, and blooms in June and: 
July. The white-flowered species, O. lewcanthus, 
was introduced from Hungary in 1806, and has 
pale-yellow or yellowish-white flowers. All the 
other species, have yellow flowers ; and many of 
them.are so nearly like one another as scarcely 
if at all to possess any true specific character, | 
