NATURAL HISTORY. 53 
mate, and having performed this operation twice or thrice, the vermin 
@re moft ufually deftroyed. 
Cleanlinefs, therefore, feems to be the beft antidote to remove thefe 
Naufeous infeéts; and wherever that is wanting, their increafe feems 
but a juft punifhment. Indeed, they are fometimes found in fuch 
numbers among old furniture, and neglected chambers, expofed to the 
fouth, that, wanting other fuftenance, they devour each other. They 
are alfo enemies to other vermin, and deftroy fleas very effectually ; fo 
that we feldom have the double perfecution of different vermin in the 
fame bed. Of the bug kind Linneus reckons up forty. : 
The Aphis or Plant Loufe, has a bended {nout, two horns on the 
hinder part of the body, four erect wings, and feet proper for walking. 
Linneus has fixteen forts, namely, that of the Currant-buth ; that of the 
Elm-tree; that of the Elder; that of the Mapple; that of the Lime- 
tree; that of the Birch; that of the Pine; that of the Rofe; that of 
the Parfnip; that of the Dock ; that of the Carduus Benidiétus; that 
_ Of Mug-wort ; that of Saw-wort ; that of Chick-weed ; that of the Lily, 
and that of the Cabbage- 
The Currant Lou/e is about the fize of a common loufe, and of a 
brownifh-green colour: the legs are green, and the joints of the knees 
commonly ftand up above the body and are brown ; the feelers are flen- 
‘der, ftrait, and have a joint, at which they are bent near the head, 
and are of a black colour: the hinder part of the breaft is blackith, 
and the fides of the body are variegated with fmall black fpots; the 
Wings are ere&t and whitifh, only they have a few black veins, and two 
of them are very fmall, but the vent is prominent, and has two briftly 
appendages fhorter than the wings. ; 
This is fufficient to give a {pecimen of their fhape, for as they be- 
long to particular trees and plants, they may be readily feen thereon 
when the leaves are in perfection: there are doubtlefs many more than 
thofe already mentioned, which belong to particular trees. . ( 
The Coccus, fo called by Linneus, has the trunk on its breaft, and 
the body is hairy or downy behind. : 
The Coccus of the berry-bearing Ilex, a fort of an oak, is what is 
known in the druggifts fhops, by the name of Kermes. t appears to 
be a membranaceous bladder, of the fize of a pea, {mooth, and {hin- 
ing, and of a brownifh red colour, covered with very fine down or 
ath-coloured powder, fwelling with reddifh eggs or infects, which be- 
ing rubbed with the fingers, pour out a crimfon liquor. It is only met 
With in pretty hot countries, in the months of May and Fune. In 
March there is firft perceived a fort of infe& lefs than a millet-feed, 
*nd of an oblong oval form, only a little narrower towards the tail; 
the upper part is convex, red, and marked with exceeding minute gol- 
den {pecks, and a few tranfverfe wrinkles. It has fix feet, and two 
Moveable feelers, which almoft equal the length of the body ; it has alfo 
lack eyes, and a double tail of the fame length as the body. It ad- 
eres to the trunk, brt 1ches, and leaves of the tree, and becomes tor- 
Pid and immoveable, fwelling or growing bigger very fenfibly. If at 
tat time its body is beheld with a microfcope, it appears of a crimion 
colour, fhining with golden fpecks, and lying in a fort of whitifh down, 
Which in fome places of the back, under and about the belly, rifes up 
i flocks like a fort of nef}: the back rifes very high, and is round, and 
” in 
