ia os 2 
140 
Quantity to 10/2 Ibs. of seed containing 74°/o pure and germinating are required per acre = 
be sown. 71/y Ibs, of pure and germinating seed, 
Sowing. White clover is sown pure only for pasture. It is cullivated in the same way as red clover. 
Langethal states that in Mecklenburg, Pomerania, Uckermark and Neumark, only one cutting is taken 
during the first year. For the rest of the year, the clover is used as pasture, Next year, it is depas- 
tured in spring and then ploughed up. 
Mixtures. A pure sowing of white clover is neither so good nor so healthy for stock as a mixture. 
The pastures in Holstein and Schleswig consist almost entirely of perennial rye- grass 
mixed with white clover. Some of the best pastures in England have much the same com- 
position. Dutch clover is often grown along with red clover, but the former lasts longer. In 
a mixture for hay, white clover forms excellent »bottom grass«. It is mixed with other 
clovers and with grasses either for temporary or permanent leys. Superficial rolling, and, if 
moss has sprung up, the use of the chain harrow are advisable in spring. A top-dressing 
of marl, ashes or compost does good service. 
XXVI. Common kidney vetch. 
Anthyllis vulneraria, L, 
Explanation Fig. A. The entire plant, in flower. 
of plate. ,, 4. The flower side-view. 
2. The same, with the calyx removed. 
>. The standard detached, seen from the lower surface. 
» 4. The same as fig, 2, with the standard removed, shewing the wing. 
, 9. The keel and reproductive organs. 
,, 6. The same, with one half of the keel removed. 
»  #s The pistil. 
»  & The calyx, in fruit. 
» © The fruit, seen from the side. 
,, 10. The same, seen from the ventral surface. 
, 11. The seed, from the side. 
,, 12. The same, from the hilum. 
Botanical The aerial part of this plant is composed of branches developed from lateral buds, which are 
description, situated in the axils of radical leaves. At first, each branch is underground, and after growing in a 
horizontal or oblique direction for a certain distance, it rises into the air and becomes an aerial stem. 
As a result of this mode of development, a branched underground stem (rhizome) is present; its 
branches are short and stout, and can in turn produce new buds and branches, which rise into the 
air. The rhizome is, thus, many-headed, each of its branches representing a head from which second- 
ary branches originate (fig. A), 
The stem is from 8 to 16 inches long, erect or spreading, more or less pubescent, and produces 
little foliage, The Jeaves (fig. A) are imparipinnate, The odd leaflet is very large, compared with the 
paired and opposite lateral leaflets, which often abort from the radical leaf, then composed of the single 
large terminal leaflet with a very long petiole. The /eaflets are somewhat thickened and glabrous, 
except the odd leaflets of the radical leayes, which are downy beneath; the midribs are alone visible, 
the other veins being concealed in the tissues. The stipules are small and lanceolate. 
