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only be obtained green during a very small part of the summer. The first crop is good. 
but the after growth is scarcely sufficient to allow a second mowing. 
The yield is certain, though not abundant. Block reckons that nine good harvests may be obtained Yield. 
in ten years. Sprengel estimates the yield of hay at 3520—5280 lbs. per acre. A. Young estimates 
the yield in England at 2816—4784—4664 lbs, Crud gives 1320—1760 lbs. In the Palatinate, the 
produce obtained by Mdéllinger, was 5980 Ibs., but the average of 10 years was only 3256 lbs., while 
that of red-clover was 3860 Ibs. According to Langethal. the produce varies from 2640 to 5280. Ibs.: 
according to Guido Krafft from 1760 to 3800 Ibs. Count Arnim of Lippe obtained from a good soil 
6160 lbs.; Werner obtained 2640 to 3520 Ibs. and Hdni, 4270 to 4900 Ibs. All these figures refer to 
the acre. 
The quality of the fodder is better than that of red-clover. Nutritive 
According to Woljf, 100 Ibs. of sainfoin-hay contain: — ha 
Organic matter . . . . 79.6 Ibs., composed of: — 
Albumin (N < 6.25) . . 13.7. ,, portion digested 7.8 Ibs, 
PiDEe © 4 8 ee 4. 36.9 
Non-nitrogenous extractives 35.3 _,, 4 . 
Roe Fes oa AE Poe ete ARR 7 F . 14 ,, 
Ratio of nitrogenous to non-nitrogenous nutriment 4: 5.2, 
5° 
The hay is not only nutritive but very healthy, as indicated by the name. sainfoin. 
It is specially excellent for horses. 
Harvesting, impurities and adulteration of seed. In dry climates, and in districts where Seed-harvest. 
Jand is cheap, a seed crop is very profitable. In other circumstances, it is more advisable 
to use it as fodder. Old fields of sainfoin, which have soon to be broken up, may, with 
advantage, be used for seed production. If allowed to ripen, and then cut, the plants 
are very much injured, so much so that a young crop if used for seed would be destroyed. 
The seed is mature about the end of July. The pods have then a bright brown colour, 
and the seeds, a cheesy consistence. Later, the pods become deeper brown, and readily 
fall off, so that, if the crop is allowed to reach this stage, loss ensues. If cut too early, 
the seed shrivels up, and the germination is low. 
The loss is minimised by threshing on cloths spread on the field. When the hay 
has been put into cock before threshing and has become heated, the seeds lose their germi- 
nating power, and become useless. For this reason threshing should at once be proceeded 
with, or the hay should be spread out and not made into cock. Further procedure is the 
same as for red-clover seed. 
A. Young estimates the yield of seed, in Suffolk, at 400 to 550 Ibs. per acre; other Yield of seed. 
observers give up to 1100 lbs. Sprengel gives 264—460 Ibs., Guido Krafft, 570—880 Ibs., 
Hani, 460 to 920 Ibs. per acre. 
Burnet (Poterium sanguisorba, L., fig. 42) is a frequent impurity, not an adulterant Impurities. 
of sainfoin. The fruit is reddish-brown like that of sainfoin. The following numbers 
show the prevalence of this impurity in the samples analysed at the Swiss control-station: — 
1877/78 . . 64.5%o 
4878/79 . . 43,8 %o 
1879/80 . . 49.5°/o @¢ of the samples contained burnet. 
{880/81 . . 34.4 °%/o 
1881/82 . . 34.4% 
13 
