Seed- 
collection. 
Impurities. 
Adulteration. 
64 
Other analyses gave the following results: — 
Way. Peters. Collier. 
Aton’ a0. + «— & Bee BOE SRS 8.56 Vo 7.34 %o 
PIDTC. $09. om 3a eee ee 22.10 %/o 22.10 Vo 
Non-nitrogenous extractives . 37.27 °/o 46.12 %/o 4G6.A2 °/o 
Bute 0 5948 eee ee Sat eee areaaa a 2.92 °%/o 2.92 %/o 
Harvesting, Impurities and Adulteration of seed. he small quantity of genuine seed 
which occurs in commerce is usually collected in central Germany, from wild plants gro- 
wing in the woods. Genuine seed is very dear, as its collection is very troublesome, and 
takes much time. Obtained in this way, the impurities will consist of the seeds of the 
wild plants growing along with it in the woods viz: — Woodrushes (Luzula albida, DC. 
and campestris, DC.), Sorrel (Rumex acetosella, L.), Sheep’s fescue (Festuca ovina, L. var. 
tenuifolia), etc. At Lineburg in Hanover, an annual grass, closely allied to Sweet-scented 
vernal, frequently occurs as a weed among the rye; — this is Puel’s Vernal grass (Antho- 
wcanthum Puelii, Lec. and Lam.). It covers the ground with a compact, felted vegetation, 
b he 
Fig. 29. Fig, 30. Fig. 31. 
Silky bent grass, Cornflower. Wavy hair grass. 
Apera spica-venti, P. B. Centaurea Cyanus, L. Aira flexuosa, L. 
False fruit (seed) with the awn. a. and b. fruit with the pappus. False fruit (seed) 
a. side-view, a. natural size. a. natural size, 
b. ventral surface X< 7, Gris he b. dorsal surface X< 8, 
c. natural size, c. a hair of the pappus, highly c. side-view < 8. 
(After Nobbe.) magnified. (After Nobbe.) (After Nobbe.) 
Which is very difficult to cut. Before and during mowing, sufficient seed falls out to en- 
sure a new crop; the remainder is separated from the rye, by means of sieves. These 
cleanings are sent into commerce as Sweet-scented vernal grass seed. A small district of 
11 square miles, sends yearly to Hamburg 44,000 Ibs. of the seed of A. Pwuelii to be sold 
as that of Sweet-scented vernal grass. Obtained in this fashion, Puel’s Vernal grass seed 
usually contains the pointed seeds of rye which have come through the sieves, Silky bent- 
grass (Apera spica-venti, P. Beauv.) fig. 29, corn-flower (Centaurea cyanus, L.) fig. 30, 
