D1 
The most common impurity, next to Perennial rye-grass, is Soft Brome (Lromus Impurities. 
mollis fig. 23). A small proportion of Woodrush (Luzula) and other weeds may also occur. 
The price being low, adulterations are not attempted. At times the seed of Creeping Adulterations. 
soft-grass (Holcus mollis fig. 24) is met with, but that is a natural impurity, and no adul- 
Fig. 23. Fig. 24. Fig. 25. 
Soft Brome, Bromus mollis. L, Holcus mollis, L. Yorkshire fog, Holcus lanatus, L. 
a. False fruit, natural size. a. and 6. spikelets, natural size. a. False fruit (spikelet) natural 
b. the same, magnified,dorsal surface. ec. and d. spikelets >< 7. size. 
¢. the same, magnified, ventral sur- e. spikelet without the glumes X< 7, b. the same, enlarged. 
face. c. spikelet without the glumes 
d, caryopsis, magnified (after Nobbe) (after Nobbe). 
teration. Being cheap, »Yorkshire fog« is often used either for adulterating dearer grasses, 
e. g. Meadow foxtail (which see), or to form a main constituent of the »prepared mixtures« 
of the seedsman. 
Seed and Amounts to be sown. The average purity is 68.2 /o, and the germinating Seed quality. 
power 34°. German seed is usually purer than Scotch, although the impurities of Scotch 
seed are usually of a more harmless nature (chaff of Perennial rye-grass) or even useful 
constituents (Perennial rye-grass). German seed frequently contains very many weeds. 
Prime seed should have 80 °/o purity, and 50 °/o germination = 40 /o of pure and germin- 
ating seed. The spikelets usually constitute the commercial seed. 1 lb. of pure seed con- 
tains 1,304,000 grains; rarely however are the glumes removed (fig. 25 ¢.). The weight 
per bushel is 61/2 lbs. 
1 acre of ground requires 22 lbs. of seed containing 40 °/o pure and germinating = Amount to be 
8.8 lbs. of pure and germinating seed. sown. 
It should only be used in mixtures on an appropriate soil, either with clover, or for Mixtures. 
temporary or permanent grass-lands. On peat or a dry sand, as much as 30 °%/o may be 
used. On better land the proportion, if any, should be very low; the best plan is to leave 
it out altogether. 
es =e 
