1 Jaw., 1898.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 19 
PROPOSED RATIO SCALE OF POINTS—continued. ae 
oints, 
6. Udder capacious and not fleshy, hinder part broad, and 
_ firmly attached to the body, the sole nearly level and 
extending well forward, milk veins about udder and 
abdomen well developed. The teats from 2 to 24 inches 
in length, equal in thickness, the thickness being in pro- 
portion to the length, hanging perpendicularly; their 
distance apart, at the sides, should be equal to about 
one-third of the leneth of the vessel, and across to about 
one-half of the breadth ane te nee ae WS 93 
7, Legs short in proportion to size, the bones fine, the joints . 
8. Skin soft and elastic, and covered with soft, close, woolly 
hair : 
Or 
9. Colour red, of any shade, brown or, white, or a mixture of 
these, each colour being distinctly defined. Brindle or 
black and white is not in favour 
10. Average live weight, in full milk, about 103 ewt. 
11. General appearance, including style and movement xn 109 
Perfection os ae AMY ns FY! 100 
P.S.—The whole of this and other useful information on cattle-breeding 
and diseases in cattle will be found in a book, compiled by William Housman, 
under the heading of “ Cattle, Breeds and Management”’; price, about 4s. 
JOHN MAHON, 
Queensland Dairy Instructor. 
\ 
DISHORNING CATTLE. 
Mr. Roserr Armstrona, of Boldon, Mackay, sends us the followin 
description of a new apparatus for dishorning cattle designed by his brother, 
who is agricultural manager for Mr. John Gubbins, of Bruree, Limerick, 
Ireland. The accompanying illustration will explain how the work is 
performed :— 
The method formerly adopted for performing this operation—by means 
of a pinchers for holding the beast by the nose, and a shears which only 
remoyed two-thirds of the horn—has been discarded by all those who dishorn 
a large number of cattle yearly as being most unsatisfactory ; even the saw. 
has to give way to a more modern invention. And any unbiassed onlooker can 
have only one opinion as to the usetulness of the machine invented by Mr. 
Armstrong, land steward, Bruree House, supplying as it does a long-felt 
want. 
With the aid of a crib—which he also invented—for putting the beast 
into, it is possible for a man to drive in a two or three year old bull, and in 
four minutes let him out a dishorned bullock. To those who follow the 
practice of first knocking the beast_ down, tying up his legs, castrating him, 
then remove his horns with either the saw or shears, the above assertion will 
possess a Yankee flavour. Nevertheless, I have seen it done repeatedly. 
