148 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 Fers., 1898. 
it all round, surmounting the posts with a barbed-wire fence. He “obtained 
some 500 plants of good varieties of coffee from the Department of Agriculture, 
and set them out in a nursery 80 feet long and 50 feet wide. He next planted 
out some 200 of the largest of these trees 9 feet apart, and they are now 
growing vigorously. Two thousand five hundred plants raised from seed have 
been planted in the nursery at a distance of 6 inches by 3 inches, and these 
will be ready to be transferred to the permanent plantation next season. In 
addition to these there are 20,000 plants of Arabian and Liberian coffee, all 
looking healthy and vigorous. Some seeds of fine Mocha were obtained from 
the Agricultural Department about three months ago, and they have outstripped 
all the other seedlings so far. Mr. Bartlett finds that the local seed is far 
before that received from Cairns. The latter seems to do better in the hotter 
Northern climate than in the comparatively cool climate of the South, whilst the 
former exhibits a far more vigorous growth. The best seed of all is that 
obtained through the Department from Mr. Grieve at Broadwater. 
Tn clearing the land, all the timber except the native plum-trees is burned 
off, the plum-trees being left standing about 80 feet apart to afford the 
necessary shade. The standing scrub on the boundaries of the estate breaks 
the force of the winds. Belts of scrub will be preserved at interval s. cf 
chains, and as a further protection rows of olive-trees will be planted. Of 
these thirty are already planted out, and 100 truncheons are, with the exception 
of three or four, giving promise of healthy trees. Mr. Bartlett says the 
Blackall Range is undoubtedly the home of the olive-tree. Two rows of 
coffee plants will be planted between the olives this season. Coffee will 
also be planted between fruit trees on a 3-acre orchard which has been cleared 
some eight years ago. Frost is not to be feared here, the thermometer 
in winter ranging 15° F. higher than on the site of the original nursery. 
The land faces the south-east, with a gentle slope towards Ubi Ubi Creek, 
which is always running. In addition to the main crop of coffee and olives, 
there are plots of arrowroot, sugar, maize, and lucerne, whilst in the orchard 
may be seen bananas, apples, oranges, loquats, pears, and a large bed of 
splendid rhubarb. The Giant Tomato has also been planted. ‘he cultivation 
is fenced in with 14-gauge 36-inch wire-netting, with a barbed wire 9 inches 
above the netting to keep out the marsupials. The whole of this work has 
been accomplished in twelve months, and it is anticipated that three years will 
see the estate self-supporting. 
COFFEE CULTIVATION IN BRAZIL. 
Accorpine to a report furnished to the Minister of Foreign Relations of 
France, by M. Viener, the largest coffee-planting region is found between the 
latitudes of 18° S. and 25°S., but it extends much further north, and coffee- 
raising is carried on in an immense territory, embracing 25° of latitude and 24° 
of longitude (about 2,000,000 square miles). In the beginning of the century, 
Brazil exported only a very small quantity of coffee, but now it is the principal 
coffee-producing country of the world. The following statement shows the 
increase of the Brazilian coffee trade since 1800 from the ports of Rio and 
Santos alone, in bags of 60 kilogrammes (183 Ib.) :— 
Year. Bags. 
1800 en on: xx! —) os 18 
1817 oer ns — on ex) 66,985 
1820 Bx: 3) re an ave 97,489 
1830 nee cry ree, ae ve 484,229 
L840 Rr ker ae Oe ae AT OS OU Ie 
Dita TR! ela ea wee Sy dus ibis 
1895 reg ES Siecle ap ee LNG BOS 6S 
