1 May, 1898.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 363 
THE DAIRY INDUSTRY OF SWEDEN. 
Ty a report on the dairy industry of Sweden, issued by the Foreign Office, it is 
stated that, besides the small dairies which make butter and cheese for home 
or local wants, there are 1,800 large dairies, at 1,420 of which butter alone is 
made, at 210 cheese alone, and. at the remaining 170 both butter and cheese. 
These large dairies are divisible into four classes—(1) 625 “estate” dairies, 
dealing only with their own milk; (2) 320 estate dairy factories which handle 
both their own and purchased milk; (8) 515 dairy factories which buy all the 
milk they require; (4) 840 co-operative dairies. In the year 1896 about 
175,000,000 gallons of milk were converted into butter and cheese, and yielded 
512,000 ewt. of butter, 50,000 ewt. of whole-milk cheese, 15,000 ewt. of haltf- 
milk cheese, and 80,000 cwt. of skim-milk cheese. Most of the butter is 
exported to England, partly by water direct, and partly through Denmark; the 
cheese is chiefly consumed in Sweden. ‘The largest co-operative dairies, some 
of which have over 400 members, handle as much as 4,000 gallons of milk a 
day. he profits of co-operative dairies are not taxed, “because these 
institutions are not considered to form a separate business or trade, apart from 
the farms which contribute to their produce.”” As a rule, the farmers take 
back from these dairies all skim-milk and butter-milk, which are used for 
feeding calves and fattening pigs. On the other hand, some of the dairies keep 
calyes and pigs, and are thus in a position to utilise the by-products on the 
spot. In 1895 Sweden exported 24,055 tons of butter, of which 15,450 tons 
were sent to England, 8,270 tons to Denmark, and 335 tons to Norway. 
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