alee iinet 
1 June, 1898. ] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 475 
Ceprar (Citrus medica).—This bighly-scented oil is obtained from the 
rind of the ordinary citron, both by expression and distillation, and its 
delightful lemony odour procures it many admirers. It is not much used for 
scenting soaps, being too costly for that purpose, but it enters largely into the 
composition of handkerchief perfumes. 
As the citron yields a quantity of oil, it should be worth the attention of 
growers, especially as the oil brings in the market about 18s. per Jb. 
A very fragrant oil is also obtained from citron flowers by distillation, 
which is much used in perfumery. 
Frac (Swrer).—The bulbs of this plant yield on distillation with water 
a very sweet-smelling oil, which is largely used for scenting soaps, &c. One 
hundredweight of bulbs will give a return of about 1 Ib. of oil. 
Fraworeannt (Plumeria alba).—This plant is well known in Queensland, 
and thrives in the Southern parts of the colony, where it produces flowers of 
fine perfume in great abundance. 
The perfume known as Frangipanni is distilled from the flowers of this 
plant, and is a general favourite. It may also be obtained from the flowers by. 
maceration in liquid fat, being afterwards extracted by infusion in rectified 
spirits. It may possibly be isolated from the spirit by distillation at a low 
temperature ; the spirit distilling over and leaving the otto behind, as their 
respective degrees of volatility are widely different. 
Frangipanni is a very dense perfume, occupying a position on the scale of 
odours between clove and patchouli. 
Geranium (Pelargonium capitatum).—This plant, known also as roseleaf 
geranium, is grown extensively in France, Spain, Turkey, and Algeria, and 
yields on distillation with water a delightful rose-smelling oil. It is largely 
used in the adulteration of otto of roses, and in some places is especially grown 
for that purpose. 
Tn sound scent-farming the rose and geranium should always be grown 
together, as the refuse distillate of the former, if used over geranium, 
considerably adds to the value of the otto obtained from that plant. 
This plant might be profitably cultivated in Queensland, as most of the 
geraniums seem to be quite at home in the colony. 
In raising plants the usual method is to propagate from cuttings, which 
soon grow into fine bushes. The whole plant is reaped for distillation, being 
cut close to the ground. The bushes grow to a height of 3 or 4 feet, 100 ewt. 
of plant returning about 2 oz. of oil, worth, when pure, 4s. per oz. 
From 3,000 to 4,000 plants go to the acre, one planting generally lasting 
for about four years. In Algeria three cuttings are obtained from the plants 
in one season. 
Jasmine (Grandiflora).—The perfume obtained from the jasmine by 
absorption on clarified fat is one of the most prized by the perfumer, on 
account of its sweet and delicate odour and the impossibility of imitating it. . 
The otto or essential oil of jasmine may ‘be obtained by repeatedly using 
the waters of distillation over fresh flowers. This otto is very costly—worth 
about £9 per fluid ounce—and is seldom seen in the market. 
In France the fresh jasmine flowers are worth from 1s. 6d. to 2s. 6d. per 
kilo. : 
About 8,000 plants go to the acre, which will yield about 5 cwt. of 
blossoms, which in turn will perfume about 15 ewt. of fat, valued at about 
12s. per lb. 
Lavenver (Lavandula vera and Z. spica).—There are several kinds of 
lavender, but only two (the Z. vera and L, spica) are cultivated to any extent in 
England and France. The English lavender is said to be very superior to the 
French, and is generally worth about eight times as much. 
