SUBANU-VISAYAN FILIATION. 
(Continued from p. 86.) 
87 
Subanu. Visayan. Subanu. Visayan. Subanu. Visayan. 
Type p-b. 
dipag taboc porang bolad puli balos 
peen baihon 
Atypical. 
panas hilanat sacog sacop tamisac pisac 
panga sanga 
Type b common. 
baa baha bocbaac baqui gabo abo 
baga pagcahobag || boclag bélag gatbang tobang 
balidya baligya bogguiong bodyong guibid ibid 
bangitao balanghitao Oi bohi guibog ibog 
bencong bingcong bolaan bolacan libongan ibobongan 
biag bihag bolig bala litobong hagbong 
bila abian bone binhi sinbaan singbahan 
binal baol booc bohéc sombag tobag 
binutong ibotang buta botang tobang atobang 
bingcon | botcon gabang tabang tonggab tongab 
Type b-p. 
bolao paolao lugbas lapos tobos tapos 
From our comparison of Subanu and Visayan we shall properly 
omit the many instances in the foregoing tabulation where community 
of consonants is manifest, for these instances lack critical value. Inthe 
residue of differences we are struck at once by the fact that practically 
every difference is double; that as soon as we have established it as sub- 
sisting between Subanu and Visayan we discover its converse existence 
as between Visayan and Subanu. This is typically instanced in the 
second table on page 81 in the case of the vanished 1: Subanu bila is 
Visayan abian; on the other hand we are estopped from the belief that 
Visayan drops an | present in Subanu, for we find immediately Subanu 
daan and Visayan dalan in a case where we have positive knowledge 
that the 1 pertains to the stem. ‘This tells a tale. No such interplay 
of differences can hold between a parent and a daughter speech, but it 
can hold between languages descending from a common parent. 
We shall find more to the same point in the examination of what 
may readily be designated speech biology. These languages are of the 
agglutinative type, a stage in advance of the isolating class, yet still in 
the development stages of consonant acquisition. We see that the 
greatest fixity of the consonants holds in the mutes, the most forceful 
expression of consonant possibility; and within the class of the mutes 
we observe that fluctuation is most noted in the sonants, essentially a 
less precise result of the positioning of thespeech organs than the surds of 
the same series. The maximum variety (equally the maximum range of 
variation), lies inthe region where are formed the semivowels, the nasals, 
the aspiration, and the sibilant. ‘These are all sounds produced by 
the less forceful exercise of consonant-forming power; therefore, where 
the differences in position of the appropriate closures is but slight, it is 
natural for men to whom precise speech is not yet an art fully acquired, 
or even needed, to fall far short of precision in sound formation. 
