SUBANU-VISAYAN FILIATION. 95 
We note two instances which suggest the abrasion of m-—initial, 
masin—asin, matay-idoy. Each will receive more full discussion in 
the next chapter; in the latter case it is clear that we are not concerned 
with frontal abrasion, but that the Bontoc stem is a primitive while 
the Subanu has arrived at secondary development by the application 
of the ma prefix of condition. 
The examination of the palatal mutes shows us a considerable 
play of mutation of the sonant g. Numerically the largest group 
consists of the instances in which an initial g exists in Subanu and 1s 
absent from the Bontoc, as set forth in this table: 
Subanu. Bontoc. Subanu. i Subanu. 
galad alad gatai gooay 
gama ama gatop gugat 
gapid apik golo gutek 
gapoy apuy goloan gwasay 
gare ali gonom ini 
The question of the g—initial is discussed in the study of the Subanu 
phonetic and need not be taken up here. The single instance in which 
this assumption or dropping of g affects the letter in other than the 
initial position is to be seen in gugat-uad. We have four instances 
in which the g is common to the two languages: geeg—alogoog, laga—lago, 
niug—niyog, gosa—-ogsa. ‘The very simple mutation from sonant to 
surd, g—k, appears well established in the following instances: 
Bontoc. Subanu. Bontoc. Subanu. Bontoc. 
Subanu. 
baga poko goyamet komaot lagi lalaki 
balin-gawa kaaowa gulungan kolong saguing saking 
gayo kayao 
Recessive mutation, that is upward in the series and from forceful 
toward weaker expression, occurs twice in the type g—ng: boligan-— 
faolengan, sigupan-songyopan. We may be justified in the interpre- 
tation of lasag—kalasay as a recessive mutation yet further continued 
past the nasal as the first of the true consonants and clear over to the 
semivowel proximate to the speech organ involved in g; this explana- 
tion, which at this point can be no more than tentative, will need addi- 
tional data for its determination. We find the more violent mutation 
out of series, palatal to lingual in two instances, gabo-—tjapo and sombag— 
sumfad; and palatal even to labial in Janeg—lanzb. 
The surd palatal mute k undergoes little mutation, quite as we 
should expect after observing with what frequency the sonant comes 
to rest upon it; the community is observed in these instances: 
Subanu. Bontoc. Subanu. Bontoc. | Subanu. Bontoc. 
bocbaac fakfak gutek utek patik fatek 
booc fook kanuku koko pilak bilak 
cana makan manoc monok 
