POLYNESIAN AND MALAYAN. 115 
omens are taken for the whole community when the first post of the 
home is set; the house is made a community house in order that all the 
folk may share the good omen. It isin the region of the long commu- 
nity house that we find that the land word has become a house word. 
Acting in the opposite direction, we find an instance in which the house 
word (ruma, cf. item 14) has passed to the village sense; this is wma of 
the Kayans of Borneo, who use the community house and with whom 
the only village is the long house. 
17. fatu stone; Subanu bato id. P. W. 344. 
fatu. Samoa, Tonga, Tahiti, Fakaofo, | batu) Malay, Kayan, Silong, Macassar, 
Niué, Futuna, Aniwa, Fotuna, Togean, Ceram, Rumbia, Meng- 
Sikaiana, Manahiki. koka, Bouton. 
vatu_—*Viti. bato Ilocano, Subanu, Visayan, Bontoc 
hatu Nuguria, Nukuoro. Igorot. 
hathu Rotuma. watu Magindano,Savo, Maronene, Kolon. 
whatu Maori. wadu Bima. 
haku Hawaii. vato Malagasy. 
atu Mangareva, Mangaia. fahou Satawal. 
hatu Ceram. 
The two series are concordant in phonetics and in sense. In sev- 
eral Polynesian instances where we have a second word for stone and 
where fatu has secondary significations (such as the heart and the stone 
of fruits) we see that the primal signification is nominal not in respect 
of any given object, but in reference to a certain quality possessed by 
the objects to which it is applied. “The common factor is quite clearly 
dual, hardness and such size as to lend itself to hand grip; just as in 
English, under the generic “‘stone,’’ we have similar particulars in 
“pebble” and “‘dornick’’ and, by an odd variety, the southern United 
States dialectic use of “‘rock”’ in the same sense. 
18. fetu star; Subanu bitun id. 
feta Samoa, Niué, Fakaofo, Sikaiana, | bituun Visayan, Sulu, Magindano. 
Manahiki, Marquesas, Tahiti. | bituin Tagalog. 
fetuu Tonga, Futuna, Uvea. bittuen Llocano. 
fetia Tahiti. batuin Pampangas. 
fitou Liueniua. | bituek Silong. 
fatou Aniwa. biti Tami. 
hetu Rapanui, Paumotu, Marquesas. | bituy Menado. 
whetu Maori. betol Gani. 
heth Rotuma. bitang Matu. 
hoku Hawaii. bintang Malay, Salayer. 
etu Mangareva, Marquesas. lintang Java. 
toen Mysot. 
fatui Sulu. | toin Matabello. 
witun Sanguir. | teén Wahai. 
witung Bugis. tokun Teor. 
bitun  Ibanag, Subanu. | 
Here we shall have to concern ourselves simply with the mutations 
of the stem. In Polynesia we deal with a stem fetuu (fetu) subject in 
general to the mutation variety normal to the several languages of that 
family. In Tahiti fetia affords us an example of a mutation which is 
