144. THE SUBANU. 
In the Indonesian series of affiliates we note mutation in two direc- 
tions which are contradictory of one another so far as they may be 
expected to yield the primal stem of this manifestly composite vocable. 
superficially talinga has the appearance of a verbal noun formed by the 
suffix nga proper to that sense applied to a stem talz, of which we have 
no knowledge beyond this hypothesis. In Uap and Macassar we find 
simple forms ¢alz and tol1, which seem to bear upon this point. On the 
other hand we find a group of three forms in which linga is the theme, a 
suggestion that this is the primal stem rather than talz. No decision 
upon this point is yet possible. Of the alternative Visayan form 
dalonggan Fray Juan Félix notes the derivation from dongog to hear. 
This is a somewhat violent infixature in Visayan; it would never have 
suggested itself if this lexicographer had had a glimpse at the exte- 
rior history of the word. 
78. talo to pray; Subanu talo to speak. P. W. 236. 
tatalo Samoa, Futuna, Tonga. tatao Marquesas. 
taro Rapanui, Tahiti, Nukuoro, Viti. kalo Hawaii. 
The Proto-Samoan stem is discovered to be taros, which we should 
expect to find preserved in the Subanu; perhaps the accent upon the 
ultima is compensatory for the loss of the final consonant. The sense 
association involves difficulties. In all the Polynesian the signification 
is that of asking the higher powers for a boon, some good for him who 
asks or evil upon his neighbor. In Viti the sense of “‘ prevent’’ is asso- 
ciable only as the answer to prayer, for there is strongly marked a desire 
for prophylaxis in most orisons. That the word in Subanu, if indeed 
the affiliation be tenable, has come to mean no more than to speak, 
requires a more spiritual comprehension of the theology of the savage 
than we are able to supply. 
79. tama father; Subanu gamaid. P. W. 272. 
tama Samoa, Fakaofo. a’mam_ = Cajeli. 
tama Aniwa, Viti. amai Ahtiago. 
tamai Tonga, Uvea. amaeolo Teluti. 
tamana Futuna, Sikaiana, Fotuna, Nu- | amao Amblaw. 
guria, Nukuoro. amana_ Bouton. 
iama Menado 
tama Gilbert Islands. yaman__ Sanguir. 
tama Klemantan. jaman___‘Tobo. 
ama Sasak. kiamat Bolanghitam. 
ama Bima. mama _ Gah. 
ama Visayan, Bontoc Igorot, Kolon, | mam Mysot. 
Salayer, Liang, Lariko, Teor, | nama Wayapo. 
Saparua, Awaiya, Caimarian, | nadama Massaratty. 
Wahai. gama Subanu. 
a’ma Morella. 
In the father sense tama is wholly Proto-Samoan. In the later 
migration tama is a composition member of such words as tamaloa man 
and tamaiti child. The latter is instructive. As iti means little the com- 
