2 A Review of the Muscles used 
which pertain to the pectoral limb in birds ; with others 
that occurred in their thighs ; with the obturator internus ; 
with the plantar tendons ; and finally, with the muscula- 
ture of the lower lary1mx. 
In passing I may say here that I am fully convinced 
that when the myology of birds comes to be still better 
known, and generally worked out, we will find many other 
muscles and arrangements of their tendons in various parts 
Fig. 1.—View, from the outer side, of the muscles of 
the patagium of the left wing of a passerine bird. Trou- 
pial Icterus vulgaris (after Garrod) 
of the body, as in the pinion, in the leg, and elsewhere, 
which also will come into use in the taxonomy of the class. 
Here, I will have but little or nothing to say in reference 
to the muscles of the larynx, as we must believe that our 
knowledge of them in birds has not as yet arrived to that 
state of perfection where we can efficiently employ them 
in special classifications. It will be to our purpose to dwell 
quite fully, however, upon the classificatory muscles of the 
pectoral and pelvic limbs; of such use as the form of the 
