1 Sepr., 1898.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 233 
Tn connection with the treatment of horse mange, it may be of interest to 
mention that the first ‘‘ dip” constructed in the United States was designed and 
employed by Mr. R. Kleeberg, of Santo Gertrudes Ranch, Texas, not for the 
purpose of cleansing cattle of ticks (to which it was afterwards applied), but 
for the treatment of psoroptic mange in horses, a complaint which appears to be 
closely related to, if not identical with, the malady with which we are familiar 
in Queensland horses. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE. 
Fic. 1. Horse mange fungus. 
», 2. a, Growing hyphx. b. Shows crescentic spores growing from between segments of same. 
», 3%. Crescentic spores more highly magnified. . 
», 4. Round spores developed in the substance of the hypha. 
», 5. Final stage—showing degenerated remains of hyphz and spores of both kinds, 
» 6. Germinating spores, ; 
», 7. Showing abundant development of crescentic spores. 
THE IMPORTANCE OF INOCULATION BY TUBERCULIN TO 
COMBAT AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS. 
On this subject, the District Veterinary Surgeon, Dr. Weisheimer, on behalf of 
the Agricultural District Society at Darmstadt, delivered the following lecture. 
Having opened his discourse by mentioning the liberal aid given and care 
taken by the Government to encourage the breeding of cattie, the lecturer 
continued :— : 
In order to avoid carrying on farming and breeding of cattle at a loss, it 
is necessary to make careful and correct computations. For instance, a milch 
cow costs £18 per year for feeding. ‘To arrive at this cost only, she must. 
produce 2,000 litres, equal to about 450 gallons of milk. Frequently, the 
quantity produced is below this. (Hor instance, in 1876, an average of 1,650 
litres, equal to about 835 gallons only, was produced in the district.) ‘This 
proves that the farmer made no profit, but a loss. ‘To obtain good results it is 
absolutely necessary to breed the best cattle only. By doing this, with the 
same feeding and labour, better results as to quantity of milk can be obtained, 
and the prospect of selling her profitably later on will be greatly improved. 
The question, however, is where the means are to come from to pay the outlay 
for feeding during sickness, and other expenses. 
Statistics have proved that half the cattle in the German Empire are 
affected with Tuberculosis. Also, in the duchy of Hesse and the district of 
Darmstadt the proportion reaches a total of 14 per cent. in the two latter 
States. Even 50 per cent., however, compares favourably with the loss in some 
places, seeing that in one locality alone, out of a loss of £125, £75 was 
accounted for by Tuberculosis. In consequence of these great losses, the 
Cattle Fund ceased to give any further guarantee for any cattle or cows 
affected with this disease. 
‘To discover ways and means to remove the cause of these great losses, is 
therefore one of the first duties of the farmer. The greatest danger of 
Tuberculosis lies in its infectious character. On one farm no less than 50 per 
cent. of the pigs were discovered to haye the disease. In the whole district it 
amounted to 3 per cent. 
To the human being, the disease is transferred by drinking the milk in its 
natural state (unboiled). For example: In a boarding-school, six girls died 
out of twelve. The post-mortem examination proved that the cause of death 
was the existence of Tuberculosis in the bowels, caused by the drinking of the 
milk from a cow suffering from Tuberculosis in the udder. 
By the use of inoculation we have now the means at hand to fight 
successfully this dangerous enemy of our farmers. — 
Q 
. 
