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1 Szpr., 1898.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 251 
fruit will principally depend. Though the first damage caused by the flies is 
comparatively insignificant, they reproduce themselves so rapidly that a few 
mature insects in the beginning of the season become many thousands before 
it closes. 
Farm and Garden Notes for September. 
Farm.—Growing crops should be kept clean, and those requiring earthing- 
up should be attended to. A vigorous use of the hoe, horse or hand, will 
tend to save future labour. Sow maize, sorghum, imphee, prairie-grass, 
panicum, tobacco, and pumpkins. Plant potatoes, and earth-up those already 
growing. Sweet potatoes may be planted if the cuttings can be obtained. 
Cane-planting should now be carried on vigorously. Plant out coffee, ginger, 
arrowroot, and yams. 
Kitchen Garden.—All the attention now bestowed upon it will be well 
repaid. This is the month for general sowings of most kinds of vegetables. 
Plant out rhubarb, Jerusalem artichokes, seakale, and asparagus. Transplant 
cabbages, cauliflowers, eschalots, &c., for a succession. Melons, cucumbers, 
vegetable marrows, custard marrows, tomatoes, and egg-plants may all be sown. 
Rosellas should also be sown in sheltered spots. Keep the crops clean, and 
manure with liquid manure. Itis a good thing to sow newly dug beds with salt. 
The action of salt on the soil is not understood, but applied as a top-dressing it 
appears to check a tendency to rank growth. Cabbage especially is benefited 
by salt, but used too liberally it leads to the formation of a pan, and renders 
soils sterile. 
Flower Garden.—Continue to plant bulbs as directed last month. Protect 
the plants as much as possible from cold westerly winds, which may still occur. 
Keep a good lookout for slugs, which should be destroyed whenever detected. 
Toads are very useful helpers in the garden and bush-house, and should be 
encouraged to take up their quarters there. They are perfectly harmless in 
spite of their ugliness. Fill up all the vacancies with herbaceous plants. Sow 
zinnia, gailliardia, amaranthus, coxcomb, balsam, sunflower, marigold, cosmea, 
summer chrysanthemum, coreopsis, portulacca, mesembryanthemum, calendula, 
&e. Plant out bulbs, as dahlias, gladiolus, amaryllis, tuberoses, ismene, crinum, 
pancratiums, &e.; also cannas. 
Cultural Notes for Tropical Queensland. 
[The Cultural Notes for Tropical Queensland, kindly supplied by Mr. E. Cowley, Kamerunga 
State Nursery, are given a month in advance, for the obvious reason that the Journal cannot 
reach some parts of the far North until the month of issue is well-nigh over, and hence the 
monthly notes would be valueless until the following year. ] 
OCTOBER. 
Agave rigida, var. sisalana, suckers may now be planted out. Young coffee 
plants should be attended to in the nursery. Keep coffee plantation clean. 
In some seasons coffee-trees will bloom during this month. A small picking of 
Liberian coffee may be made. It is not wise to plant coffee seed now, picked in 
the earlier months of the year, germination being doubtful. Plantings of 
bananas may be commenced in newly burntoff scrub land. Sugar-cane crushing 
is continued, and field operations will be the same as for last month. 
