320 APPENDIX. 
heads are dicecious, but usually two or more kinds are found in the same head. 
The calyx is adherent with the ovary; its hLmb may be membranous or scarious 
or paleaceous, or divided into fine hairs or bristles; corolla epigynous, of two 
forms, tubular, regular, four- to five-lobed or cleft, or irregular, tubular below, 
and with a strap-shaped limb usually minutely toothed at the extremity; most 
frequently both kinds occur on the same head, the tubular corollas forming the 
disc-florets, and the ligulate corollas forming a ray surrounding the disc-florets ; 
the disc-florets are usually male or bi-sexual, those of the ray-florets female or 
bi-sexual: stamens, five, inserted on the corolla-tube; anthers syngenesious, 
forming a tube which surrounds the style; ovary inferior, one-celled ; ovule soli- 
tary ; style filiform, usually bifid, the branches being stigmatiferous. Fruit, an 
achene; seed without endosperm. 
The Composite comprise nearly ten thousand species, and form the largest 
order of flowering plants, including about one-tenth of the entire number. 
But few species afford useful timber, although many are used for food, 
medicine, and in the arts. | 
GENUS I. OLEARIA, Mench. 
Shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate or, rarely, fasciculate, usually coriaceous 
with appressed tomentum beneath. Heads large or small usually rayed; 
involucre of one or more series of imbricating scales, receptacle convex; florets 
numerous or, rarely, one to four; ray-florets in one series, ligulate, white; the 
disc-florets tubular, perfect; pappus of one or more series of radiating scabrid 
hairs; achenes ribbed. 
Genus 2. Senecio, Linné., 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Flower-heads bracteate at the base: involucre of 
one or two rows of linear-erect scales; florets yellow or white, all similar and 
perfect, or the ray-florets female and ligulate, the disc-florets tubular and perfect ; 
anthers with very short tails; pappus hairs in one or several series, sometimes 
thickened at the tips; achene linear-oblong with a thickened apex or grooved. 
ORDER 21. EPACRIDEZE. 
Shrubs or small trees with alternate or, rarely, opposite exstipulate leaves. 
Flowers perfect, pedicels with two or more cylindrical bracts: calyx inferior, 
deeply five-lobed; corolla monopetalous, tubular or campanulate, or funnel- 
shaped, five-lobed, valvate or imbricate, the throat sometimes bearded; stamens, 
four or five, hypogynous or epipetalous, anthers one-celled; ovary superior, free, 
one- to ten-celled; style simple; stigma capitate ; ovules, one or several in each 
cell, pendulous, or rarely erect, or on projecting placentas. Fruit, a berry or 
drupe or capsule, one- or many-celled; seeds minute, embryo small, straight, 
cylindrical, endosperm fleshy. 3 
GENUS I. CyatHopes, Brown. 
Shrubs or, rarely, small trees. Leaves acerose, rigid, pungent, or oblong 
and obtuse. Flowers small, pedicels clothed with bracts which almost hide the 
calyx: corolla funnel-shaped, tube scarcely exceeding the calyx-lobes, sometimes 
bearded ; stamens, five, epipetalous; ovary superior, three- to ten-celled, each 
cell containing a single ovule. Fruit, a small drupe; nut bony, three- to ten- 
celled. 
GENUS 2. Dracopuytium, Lad. 
Shrubs or trees, rarely prostrate. Leaves long, linear, rigid, or grassy, often 
crowded near the tips of the branches, rarely small and ovate. Flowers axillary 
