a2A4 APPENDIX. 
OrpER 30. MONIMIACE/A. 
Trees or shrubs, rarely scandent. Leaves opposite or verticillate, rarely 
alternate, exstipulate. Flowers unisexual or bisexual: perianth regular, four- or 
many-lobed, more or less united with the expanded receptacle or staminal disc. 
Male: Stamens, five to eight, or indefinite; filaments short, stout, opening 
by slits or valves. Female: Stamens reduced to scales or absent; ovaries 
numerous, sessile, one-celled; style lateral or terminal; ovule, one, erect or 
pendulous. Fruit, a nut or drupe or achenes, with persistent feathery styles, 
sometimes included in the elongated perianth-tube ; endosperm copious, fleshy 
or oily; embryo straight. 
GeENus I. Hepycarya, Forster. 
Dicecious shrubs or trees, with opposite leaves; perianth broad. Male: 
Hemispherical or flat, five- to ten-lobed, lobes small; anthers very numerous, 
neatly sessile, covering the entire disc, opening longitudinally. Female: Carpels 
numerous, one-celled, sessile, covering the disc; style short, thick, obtuse; 
ovary solitary, pendulous. Fruit, a drupe. 
Genus 2. Laure ta, Fuss. 
Lofty trees, with opposite leaves and unisexual or polygamous flowers, 
aromatic. Flowers in axillary cymes or racemes, shorter than the leaves. 
Male: Perianth tube short, limb with six to twelve spreading-lobes, arranged in 
one or two series; stamens, six to twelve, on short filaments, each with two 
glands at the base; anthers two-celled, opening by upturned valves. Female: 
Perianth ovoid, cylindrical or tubular, narrow; stamens reduced to scales; 
carpels, six to ten; styles linear, pilose; ovules erect. Fruit included in 
the elongated, urceolate perianth ; achenes, six to ten, plumose; embryo small, 
in ileshy endosperm; radicle inferior. 
ORDER 31. LAURINEA. 
Shrubs or trees, often aromatic. Leaves usually alternate, exstipulate, 
rarely absent. Flowers perfect or dicecious; perianth monophyllous, four- to 
eight-lobed, imbricate; lobes in two series, often with a four- to six-leaved or 
scaly involucre at the base, rotate or funnel-shaped; tube usually persistent, 
becoming changed into a cup surrounding the base of the fruit; stamens, twelve 
to fifteen, arranged in three or four series, inserted on the perianth, often reduced 
to glands or staminodia in the female flower; filaments free or monadelphous, 
naked or glandular at the base; anther-cells, two to four, opening by upturned 
valves before or behind, or by pores at the apex; ovary superior, one-celled ; 
style short; stigma simple; ovule, one, pendulous. Fruit, a drupe or berry or 
dry, one-seeded, seated on the thickened pedicel; seed. without endosperm, 
cotyledons large, plano-convex, radicle very short, superior. 
This order comprises many species, affording valuable ornamental timbers. 
The tree-laurel (Lauris nobilis) or sweet bay is the type of the order; it includes 
also the sassafras (S. officinalis), the alligator pear (Persea gratissima), the cinna- 
mon (Cinnamonum officinale), and the camphor ( Camphora officinarum). 
Genus [. Lirsza, Lambert. 
Shrubs or trees, with alternate ‘or, rarely, opposite leaves. Flowers 
dicecious, axillary, fascicled or umbelled, with a four- or five-leaved involucre ; 
perianth deeply divided, four to eight lobes or, rarely, absent. Male flower: 
Stamens, six to fifteen; filaments usually glandular at the base; anthers four- 
