88 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 Juny, 1899. 
On the 21st February, 1899, about 200 head belonging to different owners 
were inoculated, and the loss was very heavy, running up to 40 per cent. ‘This 
heavy loss will be touched upon in Paper D. 
On the 23rd March 51 head of mixed dairy cattle were operated upon for 
a selector, and his loss was 2 head. This mob will also be touched upon in 
Paper D. 
On the 30th January, 1899, Mr. Tidswell, of Walla Station, sent me over 
6 cows and calves that I might inoculate the calves, about 6 months old, for the 
purpose of obtaining immune blood to inoculate the Walla herd. The ticks 
were bad on Walla at the time. These cows and calves arrived late on the 30th 
January, and left again about 4 o’clock in the afternoon of 31st. With these 
cattle I sent over a Gin Gin stud* cow and calf, both inoculated, and a Walla 
steer that had been running in the same paddock as the Gin Gin cattle for over 
a year. The steer was uninoculated, and, 14 days after leaving Gin Gin, 3 
Walla cows and the steer died from red-water, and the Gin Gin cow was not a 
bit the worse for the journey, which was over 12 miles. 
On another occasion, a man living in the Gin Gin township lost 22 head out 
of 35, and getting frightened he asked me to inoculate the balance, which I did. 
They all reacted; some got very sick, and 1 died from the operation. ‘This was 
done over three months ago; and, although the 12 head left have since been 
pretty well infested, they are healthy-looking to-day. The only bullock-team to 
be seen working at Gin Gin is owned by a man, who, as he himself put it, 
‘would just as soon see the bullocks die from inoculation as from ticks.” I 
inoculated all his bullocks that he could get together—17 head—out of which 4 
died. Some of them were old animals, and all had ticks on them. This team 
now consists of 13 I inoculated, 2 naturally recovered, and also 1 operated on at 
Monduran. They are covered with ticks, look well, and work steadily. Another 
man, who insisted on working his cattle without inoculating, lost all but 5 out of 
16 in a fortnight. I could give many other instances of the value of inocula- 
tion, but think the cases I have quoted are sufficient to convince the most 
sceptical that inoculation is a prophylactic, and it is well worth risking the loss 
of a few head by performing the operation—until something better is discovered 
—than not so to do, and lose 50 per cent. of the herd from ticks. 
B. 
The average mortality amongst young cattle up to 2 years old in both sexes 
is not worth mentioning, provided that cleanliness, care, and common sense are 
used. I quote as examples the 17 young stud cows operated on on the 17th 
May, 1898, the balance of the stud cattle on 11th June, and the large mob (216) 
on 23rd and 24th May, amongst which there were many young cattle. All 
these cattle have been under my eye, and I have never seen a young calf dead— 
under 6 months old —from inoculation. I have, however, seen several young 
cattle on the run, about 18 months old, that have died from Texas fever, but 
whether set up by inoculation or by the tick itself I cannot say, as these cattle had 
ticks amongst them, and the disease was prevalent when I operated on them. 
If, however, young cattle are taken in hand before ticks a ppear, I am certain 
the loss will not be 1 per cent. More young cattle are killed by rough usage, 
pad blood, and dirty instruments than from the consequence of inoculation 
itself. 
Cc. 
The question as to the average mortality from the practice in aged cattle I 
can only deal with so far as cows are concerned, as I inoculated no old or aged 
males older than No. 4—excepting the few working bullocks mentioned before ; 
and although I have donea good many Nos. 4 and 5, I cannot write with absolute 
certainty as to the loss, as many were turned out into the bush, and some got 
into large paddocks of 6,000 acres; but going by the number seen dead, I am 
pretty sure I am well within the mark when | quote 5 per cent. as the loss. I 
can, however, speak with certainty as to the loss amongst females, and refer 
you to my remarks on the 216 head inoculated on the 28rd and 24th May, 
