1 Juxy, 1899.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 93 
initial weather trouble. In one district 48,090 wattle-trees have been planted 
out permanently (within the railway reserve, near Spencer’s Brook), and 
several other wattle plantations are projected for the coming season. 
Tt will thus be seen that the Government of Western Australia is fully 
alive, not only to the value of forest conservancy, but to forest planting, at least 
of such useful timbers as sandalwood, and of those of economic value such as 
the wattle. 
LIVE STOCK IN THE UNITED STATES. 
Tuere are in the United States, according to the latest official returns, 
43,948,370 cattle, 38,651,631 pigs, and 39,114,453 sheep. The population of 
' the United States is set down at 63,000,000 of people. The area of the States is 
8,500,00) square miles. This would give 123 head of horned cattle, 11 pigs, and 
a little over 11 sheep per square mile; or to each 100 persons in the States, 70 
cattle, 61 pigs, and 62 sheep. 
Let us compare the Queensland statistics with these. We have in this 
colony 7,000,090 cattle, 23,000,000 Acer 120,000 Pigs. The population of 
Queensland is about 370,000. The area of Queensland is 668,497 square miles. 
This would give 103 head of cattle, one-fifth of a pig, and nearly 85 sheep per 
square mile; or to cach 100 persons in the colony, 1,891 head of cattle, 8324 pigs, 
‘and 6,216 sheep. 
THE PHILIPPINE SUGAR INDUSTRY. 
Iw Professor Knapp’s report to the United States Department of Agriculture, 
giving the results of his agricultural explorations in the far East, he gives some 
interesting data in regard to the sugar industry of the Philippines. His oppor- 
tunities for investigating in the islands were somewhat restricted by the state of 
the war, butas his visit was made in December he had some good opportunities to 
exumine into the cane sugar industry. He says the rich clay-loam soil of San 
Fernando is well adapted to sugar-cane. In the island of Luzon the methods 
of sugar farming are quite different from those practised in the United States. 
The cane is allowed to ratoon, but is also planted annually. At the time of cutting 
the cane for the mill, the immature portion of the stock is planted in a field 
previously prepared. Very little cultivation is done. The cane matures in 12 
months nae planting, and is harvested before the rainy season commences in 
May. The sugar factories in Luzon are the crudest conceivable. The mills are 
not better than farm sorghum-mills. The kettles are simply wooden tubs with 
cast-iron bottoms; the sugar is drained upon the open-kettle plan. The pro- 
prietor furnishes land and factory ; and the tenant furnishes seed, does all the 
work in the field, delivers the cane to the mill, and supplies most of the hands 
for making the sugar. The proprietor receives one-half the sugar and all the 
molasses. The tenant, in theory, is allowed the remainder, but in practice he 
usually receives about two-fifths of the sugar. Dy. Knapp was informed that in 
the islands of Panay, Negros, and Cebu the sugar farms and factories are much 
more improved than in Luzon. Sugar lands produce from 3,000 to 8,000 Ib. 
per acre, depending upon the cultivation and the factory.— Louisiana Planter. 
POULTRY SHIPMENTS. 
Tre first shipment of ducklings from Sydney to London this year, sent by the 
Board of Exports, realised 6s. net profit per pair. Though the salesmen do 
not hold out hopes of always realising such rates, they state that there is an 
unlimited demand for ducklings, chickens, and rabbits between January and 
May in London. 
PRESERVE THE FORESTS. 
Avsrrattan hardwood is fast superseding Swedish timber for paving the 
London streets. Our hardwood forests, if properly managed, will prove as 
much a source of wealth in the future as the jarrah and karri forests of Western 
Australia. 
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