24 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 Juny, 1899. 
that this observation holds good. I have frequently noticed, particularly in 
newborn lambs, that the improvement in the quality of the wool derived from a 
wellbred ram is clearly visible in the parts I have mentioned, whilst the others 
remained coarse. A number of fine-woolled Negretti rams were put with a flock 
of comparatively mixed elements. A great number of the lambs so got strongly | 
resembled the fine-woolled purebred rams about the head and the forequarters ; — 
the hindquarters were much coarser—in some cases even hairy. This naturally — 
leads us to the question whether the male sex has a special influence on some — 
portions of the body of his offspring, and the female on others. I mean whether — 
the influence of either sex is confined to special provinces. Dr. Miles has — 
devoted a whole chapter to the relative influence of the parents, yet the evidence — 
collected by him is somewhat contradictory. Some cases in his evidence may — 
be explained by reversion. 
Animals of superior condition and health, particularly if they are active and — 
lively, generally transfer their peculiarities better than torpid and sluggish ones ; 
neither do yery young and very aged ones transfer so well as those in the prime — 
of life. Not only natural qualities are transferred, but those also which have 
been systematically developed through the will of the breeder. ‘The evidence of 
2 number of experienced dairy farmers seems to corroborate the notion that cows 
can be very much improved as milk-producers through frequent and careful | 
milking, and also through a system of feeding being adopted that exercises a 
special developing influence on the udder calculated to keep it in healthy activity. 
It is reasonable to suppose that cows so treated will produce offspring of similar 
tendencies. Perhaps it might not be out of place here to mention that I have seen 
poaserred in spirit, taken out of it, and shown to be handled—the genitals of a — 
ull with a fully developed udder. I have no doubt this curiosity still exists 
in the Anatomical Museum at Berlin, where I have seen it on three different 
occasions, and I am prepared to bring authentic proofs of the apparently 
extraordinary statement which I have made. The fact in itself might be 
explained in several ways, and each of them has an interésting feature of its 
own. Let us suppose that the udder in question, which, according to Professor 
Gurlt’s testimony, was moderately filled with a milky fluid when fresh, was 
nothing but an instance of reversion. If we wish to account for it in this way, we 
must suppose that the earliest progenitors of the animal in question, or, for that 
matter, of all our domestic animals, had udders and allowed them to be suckled. 
We are justified in supposing such to be probable from analogy, because there 
are tribes of birds where males and females do the hatching of the eggs in turns. 
The exceeding scarcity of such udders amongst the males at the present time — 
might be attributed to discontinuance of their use—the teats are there still, and 
their size and position in the male are now considered to be good. indications 
whether the daughters of such males are likely to be good milk-producers. 
Perhaps the existence of the udder in the case in question may be accounted for 
as the result of an effort on the part of the breeder to breed for large and good 
udders. The probably strong development of the mother’s udder, and the 
judicious treatment of the animal on the part of the owner, exercised a favourable 
influence on the growth of the udder in the male calf, 
In this case a valuable point has been artificially produced, and has become 
transmitted. A. case is mentioned in the Journal of the Royal Agricultural 
Society, where the tendency of producing milk was very nearly lost altogether 
through not sufficient attention having been paid to this matter. Professor 
Tanner says he knew of a very striking instance of the loss of milk in a flock — 
(previously celebrated for their supply of milk) being traced entirely to the 
use of a well-formed ram bred from a ewe singularly deficient in milk. , 
Dr. Miles says:—‘‘It is well known to the breeders of Ayrshire cattle 
taat the sire has an important influence upon the form and the functional 
activity of the udder, and the position and development of the false teats of 
the bull are believed to furnish an indication of the milking qualities he will be 
likely to transmit. In the large number of grade Ayrshires that I have bred _ 
for dairy purposes, the udder, in most instances, has resembled the family type 
