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12 QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. {1 Jury, 1899. 
should be transplanted to other boxes or to a shady bed, and when 6 or 7 inches 
long transferred to permanent beds. The beds should be made by digging 
trenches 10 inches or 1 foot deep, heavily manured, and dug over and smoothed 
and levelled in the bottom. The plants may then be set out about 1 foot apart. 
Abundance of water is necessary at all stages of their growth, and if treated in 
this way the cress should be ready to cut in about six weeks after planting. The 
planting should.be done in the winter months, so that the cress may be well 
established before the weather gets too hot. Cuttings will also grow readily 
in the winter, and they should be grown in boxes, and afterwards transplanted 
in the same way as seedlings. To plant cress in a gully or waterhole, set the 
plants at the sides or bottom, and allow the stems to float on the water. ‘The 
best place to plant watercress is beside a small gently-running stream or in a 
clean shady ditch ; but as everyone cannot have these in his garden he must do 
the best he can. The overflow of a spring or well or the outlet of a land- 
drain are as suitable places as can be found in the absence of a stream. 
With a little care and trouble, anyone can have a constant supply of 
salads of some kind, and the benefits of supplementing our too plentiful meat 
diet with fresh and wholesome salads are so great that it is difficult to 
understand why many farmers and others on the land hardly ever take the 
trouble to sow even a few radishes. 
Dairying. 
By FRED. G.' JONES. 
(Read before the Mungore Farmers’ Association, May 20, 1899.) 
Datrytne@ is a subject of world-wide importance, in consequence of which it 
is the most written about of any coming under the head of “ Farming,” so much so, 
in fact, that it is well nigh impossible to bring forward anything original. The- 
highest authorities of Europe, America, and Australasia haye been drawn on for 
information for the purpose of this paper, and all statements of fact may be 
accepted as thoroughly reliable. 
Owing to the revolution that has taken place of late in the dairying 
industry, consequent on central butter factories superseding home dairies, 
dairying, as an adjunct of the farm, seems doomed to become a lost art, which 
will be replaced by milk farming. ; 
The whole question may, I think, be most conveniently discussed under 
two aspects: The commercial one, showing what markets are open to us, and 
their capacity for taking our dairy products; and then the best means we can 
adopt to obtain and hold our own in them. : 
We will take the commercial view first, because the first question asked 
when any enterprise is about to be undertaken is—‘ Will it pay?’ That 
question may certainly be answered in the affirmative, a comfortable living being 
obtainable, with but small chance of making a big fortune. 
Thanks to the introduction of steam, ensuring quick transit, together with 
the provision of refrigerating chambers on the steamships, Queensland dairy 
peeaue may be placed on the English markets, which seem practically without 
imit at the most favourable season. The extent of this market may be judged 
from the fact that in 1896, which is the latest year for which I have been able 
to obtain statistics, the quantity of butter imported into England reached the 
enormous total of 340,250,000 lb., of which 137,000,000 Ib. were from Denmark, 
and 52,000,000 Ib. from France. 
