194, QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. [1 Ave., 1899. 
adually decrease it, but maintain the quantity by See, separated. ‘The ration 
that is given to my calves is from 4 to 6 quarts—that is when they have learned to 
drink—say from 4 quarts to start with, and as the calf grows older increase the 
uantity gradually to 6, and feed morning and evening; observe carefully that the 
froth, which is full of air, is properly skimmed off the milk before feeding, as it has a 
tendency to produce scour. e next thing to be observed is the regularity in feeding, 
and I have found this to be the principal factor in successful calf-rearing—feed regularly 
to time as near as possible; and the same rule follows as to the quantity. To my mind 
the farmers sending their milk to the creameries must be working at a great disad- 
vantage in rearing calves, apart_from the time lost going there, as it is impossible to 
have their milk always sweet. I am certain it would be to their benefit in every way 
to separate their own; they would also avoid the danger of introducing the germs 
tuberculosis into their herds. Before closing this subject there is another matter 
I would like to mention that may be of benefit, having successfully reared my 
calves and weaned them. When about 6 months they were attacked for 3 years 
running with the fatal disease known as felon (commonly known as black leg). I 
consulted Mr. James Irving, veterinary surgeon, and stated my trouble. He told me 
there was no known cure for that disease, although there were many nostrims called 
cures, but there was one thing I might try, that was inserting a seton in the dewlap of 
the calf. He puprnes me with several cures of linen tape about an inch wide, a tin 
containing a powder, a tablespoonful of it to be dissolved in a pint of water, and 
the tape to be soaked in it before using, together with a seton needle: that comprises 
the outfit. I acted immediately on the calves I had left, that was 7 out of 12, and the 
result has been that I have not lost one calf since, and I have been using it for the 
last 3 years. 
DISCUSSION ON THREE PRECEDING PAPERS. 
Mr. J. E. Noakes (Maryborough): Mr. Rogers referred to the lax way in 
which local authorities carried out their inspection duties, and I can vouch 
for that. Local authority inspection is generally a dead letter, but in the 
matter of milk municipalities are often powerless. Take the case of Mary- 
borough. There are no dairies in the municipality, and all the milk comes 
from ‘Tinana, over which Maryborough has no powers of inspection. 
Mr. W. Deacon (Allora): In preparing his paper, Mr. Rogers has for- 
gotten that the preservation of the health and life of the people is a matter of 
paramount importance, and also that nothing so enters into this as the supply 
of dairy products. He will find, by considering the subject, that a good deal of 
the disease we have in the colony, and most of the fevers, have been traced to 
dirty and careless dairies. When we look at the way in which cows are allowed 
to go about the streets, eating all sorts of rubbish, in some of the towns, is it 
wonder that the milk is stuff that we should not put before our children? & 
Dairy Act may, I think, be left to the members, but I believe in the principle, 
and, with regard to the inspectors, all that talk about their sitting on the rail 
and watching the cows being milked is sheer nonsense. You might as well say 
that because people are appointed to detect crime they sit in stores watching to 
see if people steal. Even if the inspector has to watch the poor old woman 
milking her goat, still I think some sort of inspection is necessary. There is 
another point about the picture he gave of the extreme cleanliness of the dairies 
in Denmark and other parts of the Continent. I cannot speak positively, but I 
haye an opinion in my mind that I read a report of a Commission, and my 
impression is that the report is allogether contrary to the statement made in the 
paper. Mr. Robinson has given us an excellent paper on the pig industry, and 
what he says is quite true. I think pigs are one of the most profitable things a 
farmer can go in for, although I do not think we can get 37s. to 40s. for a 
120-Ib. pig—and I have sold a good many pigs. The private buyer of pigs is 
very convenient, and if Mr. Robinson’s suggestion about buying pigs by weight 
is established, the private buyer will have to do that just as well as the public 
buyer. I do not see why this pig industry should not be successful in every 
part of the country, especially here about Mackay, for I think a warm climate 
suits the pig. In a cold, frosty climate the pig requires a lot more food, 
aud) consequently, in an equable climate he must be very profitable to grow and 
atten. 
