1 Sepr., 1899.] QUEENSLAND AGRICULTURAL JOURNAL. 255 
The solutions were applied by knapsack machine to oats on 11th May; to 
tares, plots 1 to 4. on 10th May, plots 5 to 8 11th May; and to beans on 18th 
May; so that from four to six days had elapsed, and it must be remembered that 
these have included several very wet days. 
THE SOLUTIONS USED. 
They were applied as follows :— ; , 
1. On oats: (1) Sulphate of iron, 32 per cent. at 25 and at 50 gallons per 
acre; 74 per cent. at 25 and 50 gallons; (2) copper sulphate, 1 per cent. at 50 
gallons ; 2 per cent. at 15, 25, and 50 gallons; 3 per cent. at 25 and 50 gallons ; 
4: per cent. at 25 and 50 gallons. 
2. On tares: (1) Sulphate of iron, 2 per cent. at 2 
25 and 50 gallons; 4 per 
cent. at 25 and 50 gallons; (2) the sulphate of copper was applied only at the 
strength of 4 per cent. and at 25 and 50 gallons, but an additional plot was 
sprayed with the former quantity at a much younger age—when the plant was 
only just above ground, in fact. 
3. On beans: (1) Sulphate of iron, 3 per cent. at 50 and 75 gallons; 6 per 
cent. at 25, 50, and 75 gallons; (2) sulphate of copper, the 2 per cent. solution 
at 50 and 100 gallons ; % per cent. at 25, 56, and 75 gallons; lastly, the 4 per 
cent. at 25 and 50 gallons. 
The crops were considerably ounger than, as far as can be gathered from 
the reports, ie been the case with some of those experimented upon in other 
places, and the surprising result has been that so much of the charlock, which. 
can only have been in the “ twin-leat” stage, has been destroyed. However, 
the experiments are, of course, to be continued, and it will be interesting to 
watch the relative results of spraying at different stages of growth of the crop. 
and weed. Indeed, this is a point, in the opinion of the writer, of considerable. 
importance, in this way: The great pressure of work at the time when charlock 
generally shoots up in such abundance in Spring corn—the crop in which 
it is most frequently allowed to shed its seed—may cause the Spraying to be 
neglected at such times by many, unless it be made the regular thing, as it ought 
to be; so that, if it be found much more effective at this time than at any 
other time in the pre-flowering stage, much of it may escape. Reports ‘of other 
experiments, however, apparently show, though not conclusively, that spraying 
is quite effectual at a later stage. 
THE EFFECTS OF SOLUTION USED. 
Briefly, the solutions which had the best effects upon the oat crop were the 
4, 3, 2, and 1 per cent. strengths of the copper sulphate, all at the rate of 50 
gallons per acre. The 4 per cent. most effectively destroyed all the kilk, at the 
same time considerably discolouring the corn. An almost equally good result 
upon the kilk was obtained by a weaker (2 per cent.) solution at the same 
quantity, which at the same time had pbparen tly not injured the corn at all. 
The medium strength (3 per cent.) certainly did more thorough work than that 
of 2 per cent. strength; but, bearing in mind the greater quantity of rainfall 
that might generally be relied upon, it might not always be advisable to apply 
such strong material upon young tender corn in hot blisterin weather. 
The smaller quantity of the weak solution of iron sulphate had but little 
effect, while 50 gallons of the 7 per cent. destroyd the ial, but considerably 
blackened the outside leaves of the crop. Apparently a solution of moderate 
strength applied in considerable quantity, and applied carefully, has given the 
best result here, and the same can be seen right away through upon each crop. 
T surmise, however, myself—and how far this will be correct will be seen as 
the season goes on—that in the end the best results will be obtained upon those 
plots where the solution has been applied in sufficient quantity to thoroughly 
destroy the kilk, although somewhat discolouring the crop. A careful examina- 
tion of the injured plants revealed the fact, most apparent on the beans, that 
only the outer leaves, and generally the lowermost spreading leaves, were. 
discoloured, the buds remaining green and intact. It must, of course, be a 
