SYNOPSIS OF THE PRINCIPAL GROUPS. 115 
tail longer than the body; metatarsals not 
anchylosed together; furculum strong (extinct). 
Odontotorme. Jaws with teeth in sockets; 
vertebree amphiccelous ; wings well developed, 
sternum with a keel (extinct). 
Odontolee. Jaws with teeth in a groove; 
wings rudimentary; sternum without a keel 
(extinct). 
Ratite. No teeth in thejaws; vomer broad ; 
upper articular head of the quadrate bone not 
divided into two parts; cervical vertebree 
with short transverse processes ; sternum with- 
out a keel, and only two centres of ossification ; 
scapula anchylosed to the coracoid and nearly 
parallel to it ; noclavicle; barbs of the feathers 
without barbules; no oil glands. There are 
four families. 
Apterygide. Beak long and slender, with the 
nostrils at the extremity ; a hind toe; wings 
rudimentary ; feathers with one shaft only to 
a quill. Consists of the kiwi only. 
Dinormithide. Beak short, arched and high ; 
a hindtoe; wings none; pectoral arch rudi- 
mentary ; feathers with two shafts to a quill 
(extinct). Consists of the moa only. 
Casuaride, Beak short; no hind toe; wings 
rudimentary ; feathers with two shafts to a 
quill. Includes the cassowary and the emu. 
Struthionide. Beak short; no hind toe; 
humerus long; feathers with only one shaft to 
a quill, Includes the ostrich and the rhea. 
Novte,—The extinct Dromornis of Australia, Hpyornis of Madagascar. 
