il Observations of Nebule and Clusters of Stars. 
(c.) “Mar. 12. As usual, after first uncovering the speculum the stars were very well defined, but as 
the cold increased they became blotty ¢=24°°5 at end.” 
(d.) “ Mar. 15. & Urs Majoris was examined with diaphragms in zones of six inches broad ; all of the 
same focal length and all unexceptional except the outermost, which when thrown out of focus shows that 
its surface is not quite true. y Virginis was very well seen with the whole aperture, and also the 
photosphere of 8 Canum.” 
(e.) “ Jan. 30, 1848. Night unfavourable yet « Cancri fairly seen.” 
(f:) “Feb. 10. Speculum had been repolished. Air very unsteady, yet parts of the nebula of Orion 
-are distinctly resolved and a 7th star ig seen in the trapezium.” 
(g.) “Feb. 11. Air unsteady, but in the lunar ring-mountain Albategnius the bottom is covered with 
minute asperities, but the air will not allow a higher power than 360, Nothing of them can be seen in 
the three-foot.” 
(h.) “Feb. 20. The telescope acts very well, defining with 360 as well as any instrument could do in 
such a night. The resolution of the flocky part of Orion’s nebula cannot escape any eye, several of the 
stars being rather large, but what is most curious, besides the 7th star of the trapezium, seen on Feb. 10, 
there is an 8th, both quite conspicuous. Jupiter a wonderful object ; its Antarctic and still more its Arctic 
zones are brown, but far less so than the belts. The south belt is much darker than the other ; both have 
a striated appearance and are darkest in the centre, fading away towards the edge of the planet.” 
(k.) “Mar. 11. Wind high, but definition good,  Urse well shown with powers from 400 to 720. 
Tt would have borne higher, but the wind made the telescope too unsteady. The planetary h. 838, M. 
97, has two internal spirals. At 4 a.m. the night changed, but e Bootis was still pretty good with 400.” 
(1) “Mar. 12. The lunar mountain Aristillus has its cone covered with sharp radiating ridges from 
near the crater’s rim to its base.” 
(m.) “Oct. 19,1848. The thinner speculum. Night very bad, intense aurora, Saturn too low and too far 
past meridian. See only five satellites. The two anse of the ring seen fairly, though the minor axis of 
the ring is only 0’:80. One is either brighter, or thicker than the other, four belts on the planet besides 
what I set down as the ring’s shadow, but which it could not be from the sun’s position as to the ring.” 
(It must have been the obscure ring which Bond and Dawes discovered four years later). “I had little 
hopes of doing anything with y Andromed in such a night, but to my surprise with 360 the blue star 
was elongated and separated by glimpses. Mr. G. J, Stoney drew it as elongated in the right direction, 
(which he had not previously known). 
(n.) “Oct. 20. Arrangements to support the carriage from the upper pillars had been made. The 
instrument performs equally well’on a Andromede and $B Ceti. Both very well defined. Saturn do. ; a 
satellite threaded on one of the ansx, y2 Andromede fully separated with all powers. With 1,447 the in- 
terval was a full diameter of the blue star, and the three discs were very small.” 
(0.) “Oct. 23. Set for level on the double star 38 Piscium, It showed only a monstrous flare, and 1 
thought some accident had happened to the speculum, but I found it was owing to a shift of wind bring- 
ing hot air across the telescope from the chimney of the calculating room. When that ceased the stars 
were like points.” 
"These facts are, I think, sufficient to satisfy any unprejudiced person that Mr. Proctor’s disparagement 
-of this telescope is groundless, The extracts (0.), (c.), (A.), and especially (n.), prove that in favourable 
circumstances the definition was of a very high order ; (6.) and (c.), show also the effect of a difference of 
temperature between the air and the specule ; (a.) and (d.), show that your father was not content with a 
speculum merely because it acted well, but carefully examined its figure and polish, and repolished it with- 
out remorse if he found any error.’ The public have little notion of the amount of labour which this im- 
plies, and most persons would have tolerated a slight defect rather than incur it. 
Even in indifferent nights I never saw anything like what is described by the foreign astronomer. 
It is possible that the small mirror may have been out of adjustment. This we always looked to. 
Several of the extracts, (m.) in particular, prove that even in bad nights the telescope had an amount of 
definition scarcely to be expected from go large an aperture, and the only explanation which seems probable 
