Language and Folklore. 143 
$ 59 (10). Past tense or Causative participle. — I. ukewpät'a ‘when 
we had winter’ i. e. ‘last winter’; а’’[ШоаЁа ‘when we had summer (and moved out 
in tent)’ Т.е. ‘last summer’ (W.Gr. a'vsinåwta); pigak'o ‘because (or when) I did 
it, or got it’; picsagak'o ‘because (or when) I should do it, or should get it.” — III. 
ornigak’o “because (or when) I came to him’; a‘rqic'e*k'a"wk*0o ‘because (or when) I 
repaired it’; {oqum'amé ‘because (when) he killed him.’ — IV. a‘wtarama “because 
(when) I departed’; ak'ermåt “because (when) he approached’; ak:ermata ‘because 
(when) they approached’; ak’ermanik ‘because (when) they approached (both of) them’ 
(the object in dual); né‘‘lérmamé ‘because (when) he (another) began to eat it’; né-'- 
lerame'n ‘because (when) he (himself) began to eat it’. eg'eWrwak:o ‘because (when) 
I washed it’; аппаК`о ‘because (when) I used it.’ 
$ 60 (11). Future tense or Conditional participle. — I. tunip-aye ‘if 
(or when in future) I give (it) to him’; pigi¥k-o ‘if (or when in future) I do it, or get 
it’; picsagtk’o ‘if (when in future) I shall do it, or shall get it.” — ПТ. ornigik:o (or 
orndnik:o) ‘if (when in future) I come to him’; a‘rqic'e*k'iwko ‘if (when in future) I 
repaire ire == 
Person Ist 2d 3th 4th 
IV. Singular: awtarima ‘if (when in future) I depart’ -iwin -pat  -ine 
Plural: awtariwt-a ‘if (when in future) we depart’ -iwise -pala -inik 
Ist person a‘Wfarima alternates with a'vianima. 
Instead of i in -ima, twin, ine ete. may occasionally be heard -Г: -ima, twin, 
ine etc. 
ne‘‘lerik'o ‘if (or when in future) I begin to eat it’; auimik'o ‘if (or when in future) 
I use it’; eg'ewrwik*o ‘if (or when in future) I wash it.’ 
$ 61 (12). Verbal noun. — Ш. ornin’eq ‘coming, going to’; tikin-eg ‘arrival’; . 
likinera ‘my or his arrival’ (in 3d person also fikinia); tikineramin ‘at (or by) my 
or his arrival’ (3d possessive + instrumentalis). i 
S 62. Negative suffix, Vth Class of Conjugation. — Examples. In- 
transitive: (2A) taking ilana ‘I do (did) not see’; takin'ilan (or -la,) ‘he does (did) not 
see’; takip'ität ‘they do (did) not see.’ (3) (акима т ‘do (did) you (2d singular) 
not see?’; tikinp'erqain ‘did you not (never) come?’ 
Transitive: (2 В) takin‘ilara ‘I do (did) not see him’; {akin'ila‘in ‘they do not 
see them’; {akin'tlarse ‘you (plural) do not see him.’ — (6) fikin'itseq ‘one who has not 
seen. ИКИ] 1 АЕ (or) -ität ‘they who do (did) not arrive’. (7) lakipin’isa‘ ‘the person 
who did not see him’; (8) fakin‘isa’ ‘not seen by him’; (12) takiy'in'eq, a sight not 
to be had; the fact or state not to be seen.’ 
$ 63. Collapse and Amalgation in the Conjugation. — In the 
Ammassalik dialect the IInd class has in some cases approached to 
the I class owing to collapse in the suffixes whereby the verbs ending 
in WGr. (indicative, 1st person) in -ga'”pa have got the ending -e-wa, 
e. g. erce-wa ‘I fear’ as against WGr. ersiga‘’yja.' On the other hand 
1 It is possible that the original form in EGr. may be *ercigiwa’ (the indicative, 
3d person) which would account for the long -e- sound. Cf. EGr. ercigera‘ra (or 
ercigeqa‘ra) ‘| am much afraid of him.’ 
