Language and Folklore. 173 
Most of these words are demonstrative pronouns or indicate a 
locality or direction referring to those who live in the other distant 
place or the one in particular that the singer has before him in his 
mind or actually. He points with the drum towards the place as if 
saying something like "when I was up there, over there” etc. or with 
a more distinct address, man'a-'ja ‘this one here’ (namely: ‘my oppo- 
nent), or more indefinitely, though highly passionately, imaga:ja 
‘Well! that’s it! begin! and go on! 
The continuation of the logical word is aja, repeated and varied 
as required by the melody and in certain forms special for each song 
(е. 8. aja, aja, dja, å'jai, эта, aje‘, ела) and once in a while super- 
seded by ara or a variation thereof (ara:, åre, d-qeje, е`ве:]е`) still 
more rarely aha ог Вага. These meaningless words are only intended 
to carry the melody and are cast in periods that correspond with 
those of the melody as shown in the chapter on the melodies. I add 
here the following typical examples: 
Text-no. 208. “The Nunaartit folk in the north” sung by Ajukutoog. 
Cf. Mel. no. 81 (p. 90). 
A B C D 
1. qaw'0a qaw'o0a — (burden) — da’ дашоа` ай | od ja ара a'åjai | oa w@qa ja 
2. 0a: im'ara — (burden) — da’ gawoa‘jai | o@ajä jad ajå | oa ägää' 
3. etc. ABCD (seven stanzas all told). 
Text no. 199 “Greedy as a raven” sung by Natargeelar. Cf. Mel. no. 80 (р. 90). 
A B 
1. ja @ja-a ja эра @ja-raja å'jal J& Jai | a jaja aja ajal | jaja @aje 
2. Ja a jd — (burden) — aja à Ja Ja Jai | а jaja aja ajai | аа @aje 
3. etc. ABC (ten stanzas all told). 
Text no. 161 Tiwaleq dance “Lying in ambush” sung by AakYkaak. Mel. no. 69 (p. 80). 
A B C 
1. ajaje aRajal | Äjaje à дашу`иа:ра | à. qan'ua 
(burden, exclamation) eq eq eq eq 
2. jäja je ja Rajai | Jäja ja à qawp'ua ja a gam Wa ja JA Jaja aja | 
(burden, exclamation) eq eq eq eq 
3. etc. (many repetitions). 
Text no. 38 “The paddler’s song of his wife”, sung by Anittayne. Cf. Mel. 122 (р. 106). 
A B C D E 
qalån: aja jai | awoa: ja'je: | dja’ qalån a | ajä—(burden)— | galän ара jaja| 
etc. ABCDEF (ten stanzas). | ja a jaja jai 
It is seen here that the periods of the refrain are repeated in 
the same order. If we choose no. 46 (text) and indicate the burden 
1 In Poul Egedes Journal (1873 p.241) the refrains are given as “either pauna 
or sauna, East or West; kauna or auna South or North; these four quarters 
of the sky give the song its tone,” he says. 
