46 
7. Til at maale Nedbørens Mengde havde jeg opstillet 
en Regnmaaler. Den stod paa Agterdækket, ved Roret, 
(2 Fig. 2) og hang i Slingrebøjler. Dens Overflade var 2 
Meter over Dækket, 5 Meter over 
Havfladen. Dens Construction sees 
af Fig. 11. Aabningen var cir- 
kelformet, 225 Kvadratcentimeter 
stor. Den var, efter den af Capt. 
Hoffmeyer, Bestyrer af det danske 
meteorologiske Institut, foreslaaede 
Model, forsynet med Tud og Hank. 
Maaleglasset var inddelt til at af- 
læse Regnhøjden i Millimeter. 
8. Søgangens Retning ob- 
serveredes efter Compasset og cor- 
rigeredes for Deviation og Misvis- 
ning. 
9. Søgangens Styrke noteredes efter den sædvanlige 
Scala: 0 = ganske roligt Hav, til 9 = det mest oprørte Hav. 
I 1876 forsøgte jeg nogle Gange at bestemme Bølgernes Mazi- 
mumshøjde, ved fra Hyttedækket at iagttage det Øjeblik, 
da Bølgetoppen viste sig 1 Flugt med Horizonten samtidig 
med at Fartøjet var nederst i Bølgedalen, og maale Øjets 
Højde over Vandet i dette Øjeblik. 
10. Havvandets Temperatur ? Overfladen observere- 
des paa den Maade, at en Pøs Vand toges op i en Træpøs, 
paa Bagbord Side mellem Fokkevant og Hytten (y Fig. 2). 
Et Thermometer af Steger i Kiel, hvis Correction var 
mindre end 0.905 C., inddelt i '/; Grad, sattes nedi Pøsen, 
og Temperaturen noteredes, saasnart det havde accomoderet 
sig, idet Instrumentet stadig forblev med sin nedre Del i 
Vandet. Accommoderingen varede */» til I Minut. 
Naar Expeditionen var i Søen eller ved ubeboede 
Kyster, gjordes de meteorologiske Iagttagelser regelmæssig 
hver Time, efter Skibsuret, der stilledes hver Middag efter 
sand Tid ombord. I norske Hayne, ved Thorshavn og 
Reykjavik blev Observationernes Antal indskrænket til 3 
eller 4 1 Døgnet. 
Observationerne udførtes af Styrmændene efter min 
Instrux. I 1876 observerede saaledes DHrr. Harboe og 
Wilkens, 1 1877 DHrr. Wilkens, Carlsen og Christensen og 
1 1878 DHrr. Krohn, Kaltenborn og Christensen. 
I 1876 reducerede jeg stadig ombord det foregaaende 
Døgns Observationer, og kunde saaledes controllere de gjorte 
Observationer. De følgende Aar vovede jeg ikke at udføre 
dette Arbejde ombord, da det havde vist sig at være altfor 
anstrængende, men havde dagligt Tilsyn med Observatio- 
7. To measure the amount of the precipitation, I set 
up å Rain-guage. It was mounted on the afterdeck, close to 
the rudder (2 Fig. 2), and hung in gimbals. The receiving 
surface was 2 metres above the 
deck and 5 metres above the sea- 
level. The construction of this 
instrument is shown in Fig. 11. 
Its opening was circular, measuring 
225 square centimetres. The guage, 
provided with a spout and a handle, 
was on the model proposed for 
adoption by Captain Hoffmeyer, 
Director of the Danish Meteoro- 
logical Institute. The measuring- 
glass of the instrument was gra- 
duated so as to admit of reading 
off the height of fallen ram in 
millimetres. 
8. The Direction of the 
Sea was observed by the compass, 
and corrected and 
variation. 
for deviation 
9. The Disturbance of the Sea was noted according 
to the usual scale, from 0 = a perfectly calm sea, to 9 = the 
roughest sea. In 1876 I tried on several occasions to 
determine the maximum height of the waves, by observing, 
from the roof of the deckhouse, the moment when the crest 
of a wave appeared on a level with the horizon, the vessel 
being in the trough of the sea, and then measuring the 
height of the eye above the water at the same moment. 
10. The Surface-Temperature of the Sea was observed 
as follows: — A bucket of water-was drawn on the port side, 
between the fore shrouds and the roundhouse (y Fig. 2). 
A thermometer, by Steger of Kiel (graduated in fifths of 
degrees), for which the correction was less than 0.°05 C., 
was immersed in the bucket, and the temperature noted so 
soon as the thermometer had had time to accomodate itself, 
the instrument remaining the whole time with, its lower 
part in the water. The time required for the thermometer 
to take the temperature ranged from !/» to 1 minute. 
When the Expedition was at sea or cruising off un- 
inhabited coasts, the meteorological observations were taken 
regularly every hour by the ship’s clock, which was set 
every day at noon to apparent solar time on board. In 
Norwegian harbours, at Thorshavn, and at Reykjavik, the 
number of observations was limited to 3 or 4 in twenty- 
four hours. 
The observations were made by the mates, in accor- 
dance with instructions I had given them. In 1876, the 
observers were Mr. Harboe and Mr. Wilkens; in 1877, Mr. 
Wilkens, Mr. Carlsen, and Mr. Christensen; and in 1878, 
Mr. Krohn, Mr. Kaltenborn, and Mr. Christensen. 
In 1876, I reduced on board the observations taken the 
day before, and could thus control the whole series. The 
two following years I did not venture to perform this work 
on board ship, which had proved of too laborious å character; 
every day, however, I superintended the observations, either 
