Rand, hvorefter de aftage successivt, indtil de ende tem- 
melig spidse, Fig. 1. 
Paa Midten af Armenes Ryg findes en Rekke stærke, 
høie Pigge, der tage deres Begyndelse ved Skivens Rand, 
og ende dels noget nedenfor Armens inderste Trediedel, 
dels strække de sig længere henimod Armens Spids uden 
nogensinde at naa denne, Fig. 1. Undertiden stiller sig 
ved Siden af Midtrækken enkelte Pigge. Paa enkelte Ex- 
emplarer ere disse temmelig smaa. Længst til Siderne af 
Armene sees ligeledes en Række Pigge, der ligesom beteg- 
ner Grændsen imellem Ryg og Bug. Disse Pigge ere lige- 
saa stærke og lange som de paa Midten af Ryggen og 
strække sig henimod Armens Spids, aftagende stadig saa- 
vel i Tykkelse som Længde, Fig. 1. Paa yngre Exempla- 
rer staa Piggene i denne Række enkelt; men paa store, 
gamle Individer er det kun nærmest Skiven, at Piggene ere 
enkeltstaaende; længere ud paa Armen sees som oftest 3— 
4—5 Pigge at staa sammen, hvorved Rækken bliver mere 
uregelmæssig. 
Paa det Rum, som findes imellem de nu beskrevne 
Randpigge og den midterste Pigrække, er der mange spredte, 
større og mindre Pigge, der indtage omtrent de to inderste 
Trediedele af Armen, Fig. 1; den yderste Trediedel er i 
Regelen fri for Pigge. 
Skiven er meget liden, afgiver stærke Indsnit for Ar- 
mene og er overalt bedækket med uregelmæssige, ikke tæt- 
staaende, tykke, konisk afstumpede Pigge, hvoraf de, som 
ere stillede i Centrum, ere de største, Fig. 1. — Madre- 
porpladen er næsten rund, omgivet af enkelte store Pigge, 
og sidder lige i Armvinkelen. 
Hele Rygfladen er overalt besat med Pedicellarier, af 
hvilke de paa Armenes Ryg og Sidetlader ere udelukkende 
korsformige, imedens der paa Skiven findes, foruden kors- 
formige, to Slags ligedannede Pedicellarier, af hvilke den 
ene Form, Fig. 5, ogsaa findes langs Ambulacralfuren. 
Imellem Pedicellarierne sees paa Armene en Mængde ure- 
gelmæssigt stillede Tentakelporer. 
De korsformige Pedicellarier sidde dels enkeltvis, dels 
i Grupper. Basaldelen er liden, og Apophyserne ikke me- 
get fremragende. Kjæverne ere meget krumbøiede; deres 
hvælvede, ydre Flade indtages saagodtsom ganske af Vacu- 
oler, og deres indre, konkave Rande og Flader ere be- 
satte med stærke Tænder; deres forlængede Del er lancet- 
formig og har paa" Størstedelen af den ydre Flade smaa 
Torne, Fig. 3 og 4. 
Af de lige Pedicellarier ere de, der findes langs Am- 
bulacralfuren og tildels paa Skiven, langstrakte og have” 
adskilligt tilfælles med dem, der træffes hos Asterias rubens. 
Basaldelen er liden, dens underste Rand er meget konvex, 
18 
attained, about 25”” beyond the margin of the disk, in 
which situation, the rays measure 112”” in circumference; 
subsequently, tapering gradually, and terminating in a 
rather acute point (fig. 1). 
On the mesial abactinal surface of the rays, a series 
of stout long spines occurs, commencing at the margin of 
the disk, terminating, occasionally, a little beyond the diskal 
third part of the length of the ray, occasionally, extend- 
ing further towards the extremity of the rays, without, 
however, at any time, attaining to the extremity (fig. 1). 
Sometimes, a few spines unite to the mesial series of 
spines. In a few specimens, these spines are rather small. 
On the extreme lateral surfaces of the rays, a series of 
spines, is also visible; marking apparently, the margin be- 
tween the abactinal and actinal surfaces. These spines are 
as stout and long, as those, in the mesial series of the 
abactinal surface, and they extend towards the brachial 
extremity, gradually diminishing, both in length and thick- 
ness (fig. 1). In young specimens, the spines of this ser- 
ies are situated singly, but, in large aged specimens, it is 
only, in proximity to the disk, that the spines are found 
situated singly; further towards the brachial extremity, 
there is seen, most commonly, 3, 4 or 5 spines occurring 
together, causing more irregularity in the series. 
In the interspaces between the marginal spines just 
described, and the mesial series of spines, there occur, 
many scattered larger or smaller spines, extending along the 
approximate diskal two-thirds of the brachial length (fig. 1). 
The extreme third part of the brachial length, is generally 
bare of spines. 
The disk is very small, and furnished with deep cavit- 
ies for the origin of the rays, and, it is everywhere beset 
with irregular, loosely disposed, stout, coniform, blunted 
spines, of which, the medial spines are the largest (fig. 1). 
The madreporite is nearly circular, and, is surrounded by 
a few large spines, and, it is situated exactly in the inter- 
brachial angle. 
The entire abactinal surface, is everywhere beset with 
pedieellariæ, of which, those found on the dorsal and lateral 
brachial surfaces, are exclusively cruciform pedicellariæ, 
whilst, upon the disk, there is found besides cruciform pe- 
dicellariæ, also two forms of rectiform pedicellariz, of 
which, the one form (fig. 5) is also found along the am- 
bulacral furrow. Between the pedicellariæ on the rays, 
numerous irregularly situated tentacular pores are visible. 
The cruciform pedicellariz are seated, sometimes singly, 
sometimes in groups; the basal portion is small, and the 
apophyses are not very prominent. The jaws are much 
bent, and their arched exterior surface is almost entirely 
occupied by vacuola; their inner concave margins and sur- 
faces are beset with strong teeth; the elongated part is 
lancet-formed, and upon the greater portion of its exterior 
surface is beset with minute aculez (figs. 3, 4). 
Of the rectiform pedicellariz, those found along the 
ambulacral furrow, and, partly, also, those found on the 
disk, are elongate, and have much in common with the 
pedicellarize met with in Asterzas rubens. The basal por- 
