uppåt, hvarigenom den af dem beklådde ånden af kalkaxeln 
kommer att hånga et stycke ned 1 åndblåsan.* 
Umbellula encrinus har, som vore Beskrivelser paa- 
viser, ingen Endeblære; den ender nedad sædvanligvis 
noget afstumpet med en Skraaflade; Septum transversale 
med det omtalte Belte deler den nederste Del i en Ven- 
tral- og Dorsalkanal, hvoraf den sidste er videst, og som 
vi senere komme til at omtale, imedens Sidekanalerne ind- 
snevres noget; men samtlige Kanaler støde til det eneste 
Hulrum, som findes nedenfor det transverselle Septum, og 
som er det Fællesrum, hvori de 4 Længdekanalers Indhold 
mødes. Hvor indviklet end den anatomiske Bygning synes 
at være i det nederste Parti af den bulbøse Del, saa nær- 
mer den sig dog meget til Bygningen hos Pennatuliderne 
i Almindelighed; sagtens er Septum transversale meget 
lidet, men det findes dog, og det nævnte Belte synes ved 
sin større Længde at skulle hjælpe noget paa det, saa at 
Delingen af det nederste Rum faar en længere Udstræk- 
ning, imedens det Forhold, Dr. Lindahl har beskrevet, er 
ganske fremmed for Pennatuliderne. 
De 4 Septa, der dele Stokkens Indre 1 4 Længde- 
kanaler, udgaa fra den indre Coenenchymvæg og fæste sig 
paa Kalkaxens Skede, med hvilken de smelte sammen. 
Der er en liden Strækning 1 den øverste, smale Del af 
Stilken, hvor Septa, idet de udgaa fra Coenenchymvæggen, 
ere ganske hele, det vil sige ikke gjennembrudte; men saa- 
vel 1 den skedeformige Udvidnimg og i Rachis, som i hele 
den øvrige Del udgaa Septa med stærke Bindevævsbjelker, 
der fornemmelig i Bulbus staa langt fra hverandre, og 
hvorved fremkommer større eller mindre aflange Aabninger, 
gjennem hvilke den ene Længdekanal kommunicerer med 
den anden, Tab. VIII, Fig. 32,e. Nede i Bulbus og oppe 
i den skedeformige Udvidning staa disse Aabninger meget 
tæt sammen og ere større, saa at Kommunikationen i disse 
Dele maa være meget livlig. 
Septa dannes af en tyk, fast, hyalin Bindeveevsmem- 
bran (Mesoderm?), hvori findes en stor Mængde fine, for- 
grenede Saftkanaler, der kommunicere med hverandre, og 
hvis Lumen ganske er udfyldt af Fpithel, bestaaende af 
lidt aflange Celler med Kjerne og kornet Indhold, Fig. 36, a. 
Begge Sider af Septa ere beklædte med Epithel, der be- 
staar af flere Lag runde Celler, lignende dem, som beklæde 
Længdekanalerne. Disse Celler ere runde, have en tynd 
Membran og en lidt excentrisk, rund Kjerne, omgiven af 
en yderst finkornet Masse (Entodermeeller). De omtalte 
Saftkanaler ere forsynede med større eller mindre Laguner, 
hvori Epithelbeklædningen ikke ganske udfylder Lumenet. 
Muskler findes ikke i Septa. 
Foruden disse 4 Længdekanaler, der ere eiendomme- 
lige for Pennatulidebygningen, beskriver Dr. Lindahl endnu 
44 
form their bottom. The septa referred to make, thus, a 
strong curve upwards, through which, the extremity of the 
caleareous axis which they cover, extends a little into the 
terminal vesicle. 
As our description shows, Umbellula encrinus, has no 
terminal vesicle. It terminates downwards, generally, some- 
what truncated, with a diagonally sloping surface. The 
septum-transversale, with the band already spoken of; div- 
ides the lower part into a ventral and dorsal canal; of 
these, the last named is the widest, and we shall, subse- 
quently, come to speak of it; whilst, the lateral canals be- 
come somewhat contracted; but, the whole of the canals open 
into the only cavity which is found below the transversal 
septum, and which forms the common chamber m which 
the contents of the 4 longitudinal canals meet. However 
complex the anatomical structure seems to be in the lower 
part of the bulbous portion, yet, it approaches much, in similar- 
ity, to the structure of the Pennatulide, in general; certainly 
the septum-transversale is very small, but, still, it is found 
there, and the band we have spoken of would appear, 
by its greater length, as if it was intended to supplement 
it, so that, the division of the lower space might attain a 
longer extent; but the relations described by Dr. Lindahl 
are quite foreign to the Pennatulidæ. 
The 4 septa which divide the interior of the stalk 
into 4 longitudinal canals, proceed from the inner wall of the 
sarcosoma, and attach themselves to the sheath of the cal- 
carous axis, with which they become fused. There is a 
small extent in the superior narrow part of the stem, where 
the septa, as they proceed from the wall of the sarcosoma, 
are quite entire, that is to say, are not perforated; whilst, 
both, in the sheath-formed dilation, and in the rachis, as well 
as, In all the other parts, the septa issue as strong connective 
tissue rods, which, especially in the bulb, are placed far 
apart from each other, forming larger or smaller oblong 
openings, through which the one longitudinal canal ,com- 
municates with the other (Pl. VIII, fig. 32, e). Down in 
the bulb, and up in the sheath-formed dilation, these open- 
ings are placed very close together, and are larger, so 
that, the circulation in these parts must be very active. 
The septa are formed, of a thick, firm, hyaloid mem- 
brane of connective-tissue (Mesoderm?) in which is found, 
a multitude of minute, ductiferous ramifications com- 
municating with each other; and whose channels are quite 
filled up by epithelium, consisting of slightly oblong cells 
containing a nucleus and granular contents (fig. 36, a). 
Both sides of the septa are clad with epithelium, consisting 
of several layers of circular cells like those which clothe 
the longitudinal canals. These cells are round, and have a thin 
membrane; and they contain a somewhat eccentric round 
nucleus, surrounded by an extremely minute granular substance 
(Entoderm cells). The ductiferous ramifications which we 
have spoken of, are furnished with larger or smaller lagunes ; 
in which, the epithelium covering does not quite fill the 
channel. No muscles are found in the septa. 
Besides these 4 longitudinal canals; which are pecu- 
liar to the Pennatulida’s structure; Dr. Lindahl describes, 
