til en stærk Sphincter. Strax ovenfor denne Rand udgaa 
de 8 Gastralfilamenter som en bred, med Fryndser forsy- 
net Krave, Fig. 45, c. 47, d, men skille sig snart i de 8 
krusede Organer, der følge langs Septula, Fig. 45, d. 47, e, 
saagodtsom lige ned til Bunden af Mavehulheden, Fig. 47, c. 
Af disse Gastralfilamenter er der to, de dorsale, der ere 
nogle Millimeter længere end de øvrige; men det er ogsaa 
det Hele, forresten ere de omtrent lige lange. Gastral- 
filamenterne ere meget brede efter deres hele Længde, Fig. 
49, c; de dannes af en tynd Bindevævsmembran, beklædt 
med de tidligere beskrevne Endothelceller, der giver hele 
Gastralhulheden sit Overtræk. Paa Gastralfilamenterne 
udvikle Generationsorganerne sig, et Forhold, der i væ- 
sentlig Grad afviger fra, hvad der hidtil er kjendt hos Pen- 
natuliderne, hvor Kjønsorganerne udvikle sig paa Septula. 
I de brede, flotterende Gastralfilamenter udvikles en 
stor Mængde runde Kapsler, der allerede meget tidligt 
indeslutte Kjønsproduktet, Fig. 52. Disse Kapsler, som ere 
stilkede, ere kun lidet forskjellig i deres Bygning hos de 
forskjellige Kjøn; de dannes af en fast, hyalin Bindevævs- 
membran, der udvendigt er beklædt med Gastralhulhedens 
Epithelialovertræk, — og paa hvis indvendige Flade er et 
Hpithellag, der hos Hannen (Testikelen) bestaar af ellip- 
tiske Celler, der ere 0,006”” brede paa Midten og 0.0137” 
lange med en lidt excentrisk Kjerne, som er næsten rund, 
0,001”” bred, og et finkornet Protoplasmaindhold, hvori 
sees enkelte, stærkt røde Pigmentkorn, Fig. 53. Hos Hun- 
nen bestaar Kapselens («Øggestokkens) indre Epithellag af 
runde, temmelig klare Celler, noget lig Endothelcellerne, 
men uden de omtalte Pigmentkorn. TI enhver Kapsel hos 
Hunnen udvikler der sig kun et Æg, Fig. 52, b, ligesom 
Embryodannelsen foregaar i denne Kapsel, der saaledes 
fungerer ogsaa som Uterus. Vi saa Embryoner liggende i 
Kapslerne, og frit i Gastralhulheden fandtes enkelte, der 
vare frigjorte, ligesom tomme Kapsler ikke vare sjeldne. 
Et saadant Embryo var næsten kugleformet og havde paa 
den ene Ende en Indsænkning, det begyndende Gastræa- 
stadium, Fig. 54,4.  Umbellula encrinus føder altsaa levende 
Unger. Kjønskapslerne (Testiklerne) hos Hannen vare i 
deres fulde Udvikling ganske fyldte med Spermatozoer, 
der havde en Pæreform, Fig. 55. Hovedet var rundt 
med en dunkel Flæk i Midten, 0,003”” bredt. Halen var 
bred, idet den udgaar fra Hovedet, og temmelig kort; 
Spermatozoens hele Længde udgjorde 0,014””. De fleste 
Spermatozoer havde tabt deres Hale, saa man iagttog kun 
en Mylder af runde, glindsende Legemer, hvori den dunkle 
Flæk saaes. 
% 
Kjonsorganerne udvikle sig, som tidligere berørt, i 
Gastralfilamenterne, hvor de danne store, frit hængende 
Drueklaser, Fig. 45, e. 47, f. 49, d, der strække sig saa 
muscles converge, forming a strong sphincter. Immediately 
above this margin, 8 gastral filaments issue, having the appear- 
ance of a broad fringed collar (fig. 45, c, 47, d), but sepa- 
rating themselves, quickly, into the 8 curly organs which stretch 
along the septula (fig. 45, d, 47, e), almost down to the 
bottom of the ventral cavity (fig. 47, 6). 
filaments, there are two; the dorsal ones; which are a few 
Of these gastral 
millimetres longer than the others, but that is all, as, 
otherwise, they are about uniform in length. The gastral 
filaments are very broad throughout their whole length 
(fig. 49, c). They are formed of a thin connective-tissue 
membrane, clad with the previously described cells of the 
endothelium, which furnish the coating of the whole gastral 
cavity. The generative organs develope themselves on the 
gastral filaments, a circumstance, that in a material degree 
differs from what has previously been known relative to 
Pennatulide, where the sexual organs are developed on the 
septula. 
In the broad floating gastral filaments, a multitude 
of round capsules are developed, which, already, at an 
early stage, enclose the sexual product (fig. 52). These 
capsules are pedunculated, and in the different sexes, 
They are 
are only slightly different im their structure. 
formed of a firm, hyaloid connective-tissue membrane, which 
is, externally, clad with the epithelium covering of the 
gastral cavity, and on whose interior surface, there is an 
epithelium layer, which, in the male (the testicle), consists 
of elliptic cells, 0,006”” broad at the middle, and 0,013””" 
long, containing a somewhat eccentric, nearly round 
nucleus, 0,001 broad, and also, a minute granular 
protoplasmic contents, in which a few deep-red coloured 
eranules (fig. 53) are seen. In the female, the inner 
epithelium layer of the capsule (the ovary) consists of 
round, rather clear, cells, somewhat like the endothelial 
cells, but without the coloured granules spoken of. In 
each capsule in the female, only one ovum is developed 
(fig. 52, b), whilst, also, the formation of the embryo pro- 
ceeds in this capsule, which thus, performs as well, the 
function of a uterus. We observed embryos lying in the 
capsules; and also, in the gastral cavity there were a few 
which were detached, whilst, also, empty capsules were not 
infrequently seen. Such an embryo was, nearly, spherical in 
form, and on the one extremity, had a depression forming 
the commencing stage of the gastreea (fig. 54, a). Umbellula 
encrinus, therefore, gives birth to living young. The sexual 
capsules (testicles) in the male, were, in their full develope- 
These were pyriform 
having indistinct spot 
The tail was broad as it 
ment, quite filled with spermatozoa. 
(fig. 55) with round heads, an 
in the middle, 0,003”” broad. 
issued from the head, but rather short. The entire 
length of the spermatozoa measured 0,014””". Most of 
the spermatozoa had lost their tails, so that, only a throng 
of round, bright corpuscles was observable, in which the 
indistinct spots were seen. 
The sexual organs develope themselves, as previously 
stated, in the gastral filaments, where, they form, large, 
freely pendant, grape-like clusters (fig. 45, e, 47, f, 49, Å), 
mx 
( 
