Marvels of the Universe 819 
Tsetse-fly bites such animals it sucks up some of the minute organisms with the blood, and if, after 
the lapse of a certain time, the fly then bites a horse, ox, or dog, the organisms, which have in the 
interval undergone certain changes within the body of the fly, escape into the blood of the new 
victim, multiply rapidly and eventually cause death. Sleeping Sickness in man, which within the 
last ten or twelve years has swept away many hundreds of thousands of people in Uganda and the 
Congo Free State, besides being prevalent in other parts of Tropical Africa, is caused and conveyed 
in a precisely similar way. 
Wels, WIRIDLILIED) ILIVZRIRID) 
BY R. LYDEKKER, F.R.S. 
THE Frilled Lizard is to be found throughout the greater part of Northern and North-Western 
Australia, and in the course of an expedition under the command of Captain P. P. King, R.N., 
GORGED TSETSE-FLIES. 
A Sleeping Sickness-carrying Tsetse-fly after feeding, shown in two positions and six times natural size. Note how the 
hinder half of the body, containing the stomach, is swollen out with blood. 
during the years 1818-22, a botanical collector named Allan Cunningham captured on the branch 
of a tree at Careening Bay, Perth, what he regarded as a very curious and remarkable lizard. 
When it came to England this unique specimen was given to Sir Everard Home, by whom it was 
transferred to the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons. Here it was seen by Dr. J. E. Gray, 
at that time the leading naturalist at the British Museum, who described it as a new genus and 
species, under the name of Chlamydosaurus king. 
Now as this wonderful lizard is specially characterized by possessing a frill-like cloak round its 
neck, which can be opened and closed like an umbrella, the name Chlamydosaurus, meaning the 
“lizard with a cloak,’ was most appropriate and suitable. In naming the species after the 
leader of the expedition, instead of after its discoverer, Mr. Cunningham, Dr. Gray was, however, 
guilty of a piece of petty and inexcusable snobbishness. 
The neck-frill, which is supported by cartilaginous ribs analogous to the metal ones of an 
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