Marvels of the Universe O27 
Nevertheless, these same moths are lured to flowers by means of sweet smells which we can fuily 
appreciate, apparently showing that they have a sense of smell similar to our own. 
In such cases (and often when the species have wingless females) the male moths are found 
to have large and feathery antenne bearing very delicate and complex structure, while those of the 
female are much more simple. Possibly, then, these organs may be natural transmitters and receivers 
of some form of wireless telegraphy, by means of which the sexes propagate waves of communication 
one with another. Whether my suggestion be correct or otherwise, these organs when viewed 
through the microscope present to the eye some marvellous mechanism, as witnessed in the accom- 
panying photograph of the tip of the antenna of the Pale Tussock Moth. 
The feelers of butterflies at first glance do not reveal such complex structure as those of the 
moths ; but it does not follow that they are any the less complex on that account. If we closely 
examine one of these organs—say, of the familiar Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly—we find that even 
the club at the end contains twelve joints, while the slender stem which connects it with the head 
is also jointed throughout its length. Its upper surface is beautifully clothed with brown and white 
scales, and the under-side is bare, but coloured bright orange at the tip, shading to brown towards its 
base. It is a marvellous object when seen under the microscope, well illuminated against a dark 
ground ; but we cannot fathom the meaning and function of its numerous joints, and hollow club, 
with its thousands of minute depressions, and their artistic clothing and colouring. 
Leaving the head, we may now turn to the body, which consists of thorax (the portion next 
the head) and abdomen. The thorax is made up of three closely-united rings, or segments, each of 
which on its lower side bears a pair of legs. The second and third segments also carry a pair of 
Photos by] 
[v. ie Ward, F.E.S. 
THE ANTENNAE OF TWO BUTTERFLIES AND A MOTH. 
In the centre are the beautiful fringed fronds of a male moth; to the right is the club-shaped antenna usual amongst butter- 
flies and to the left is that of the Small Tortoiseshell Butterfly, which is distinguished by the dark and light scales on the upper 
surface. 
