48 AUSTRALASIAN ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. 
the figure published by Davidson shows the typical loop of Platidia, but it is not explicitly 
stated that this specimen came from Marion Island, although the presumption is that 
it did. 
Platidia anomioides has a very wide range, being common in shallow water in 
the Mediterranean, but extending into 600 fathoms in the Atlantic, where it ranges 
from the Shetland Islands to the south of Morocco, and‘ on the American side from 
North Carolina to the Antilles. Dall has also identified specimens from the Californian 
Coast. It is known from the Miocene of the Vienna basin, and doubtfully from the 
Oligocene of Itaiy. It seems, then, to be a species of the ancient Tethys, which has 
spread west to America and through the ancient Strait of Panama to the Californian 
coast. If the identification of the Marion Island specimens is confirmed, it will also be 
necessary to conclude that it has come from the Eastern Tethys, through the Indian 
Ocean, down the African coasts, or has spread to the Tethys from the Gondwana region. 
In either case it becomes probable that the Marion Island Group has in Tertiary times 
been connected, above the 1,000 fathoms line at least, with South Africa. Terebratulina 
is also common to these two districts, and absent from the Kerguelen group. Waldheimia 
kerguelensis, which appears to be a shallow water species, occurs also in the Kerguelen 
group, but the distance is not so great that transportation in the free-swimming larval 
stage can be neglected in this case, although it should be noted that the prevailing 
currents set in the opposite direction. The absence of the South African genera, 
Kraussina and Agulhasia, from the Marion Island group is not a weighty argument against 
the former connections of these two districts, since it is easily explicable on grounds of 
latitude. 
THE SOUTH AFRICAN DISTRICT. 
No additions have been made to the brachiopod fauna of South Africa during 
the last thirty years, and one cannot help suspecting that numerous additions will yet 
be made. The following is a list of the species known to occur near the coasts :— 
Terebratulina abyssicola Adams and Reeve.—Cape of Good Hope. 120 
fathoms. 
Terebratulina radiata Reeve.— Probably from the Cape of Good Hope. 
Terebratulina septentrionalis Davidson (? of Couthouy).—Oft Cape of Good 
Hope, 150 fathoms. 
Agulhasia davidsoni King.—Agulhas Bank, 45-60 fathoms. 
Terebratula vitrea var minor Davidson (not of Philippi).—Off Cape of Good 
Hope, 150 fathoms. 
Kraussina rubra (Pallas)—Port Elizabeth. 
Kraussina cognata (Sowerby).—Near Cape of Good Hope. 
Kraussina deshayesi (Davidson).—Oft Cape of Good Hope, 120 fathoms. 
