360 APHIDS OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION 
Ovipara. Apterous, Pale yellowish green, somewhat dusky on head and thorax and dark- 
er posteriorly; appendages sordid whitish. Body length .81; antenna .125, four-segmented, 
III about same length as II; hind tibia .12. 
Male. Apterous. Honey-yellow with head brownish; appendages sordid to dusky. Body 
length .562; antenna .112, four-segmented, III not longer than II; hind tibia .112. 
Egg. Newly laid, pale sordid yellowish; later, black. Size .537 by .262. 
Collections. As winter hosts on Populus augustifolia and P. tacamahaca, in 
yellowish green to reddish pocketlike galls on underside with opening on upper- 
side of leaves; as summer hosts on roots of both sugar and garden red beets 
(Beta vulgaris) and Chenopodium album, specimens apparently identical with 
this species taken on roots of Achillea sp., Agropyron sp., Aster multiflorus, 
Cycloloma atriplicifolium, head lettuce (Lactuca sativa), Poinsettia sp., Poly- 
gonum aviculare, and Solidago sp. Throughout region. Fundatrices on Populus 
April 23 to July 10, apterous summer viviparae on summer hosts May 6 to Nov. 
26, hiberating viviparae on summer hosts throughout the winter, alate viviparae 
on Populus July 4 to 11 and Sept. 23 to Oct. 28 and on summer hosts Aug. 27 
to Nov. 23, sexuales on Populus Sept. 28 to Oct. 4; common often injurious. Fun- 
datrix lives in gall with alate fundatrigeniae which leave for summer hosts, 
alate sexuparae return from the beet to the Populus where they deposit the 
sexuales. 
Cotypes. U.S.N.M., No. 121 and Univ. of Neb. Collection, No. 5. 
Chief Distinguishing Characters. Character of gall produced, absence of 
secondary sensoria or at least not more than 3 on V and none on VI in alata, 
length of III (in fundatrix .08-.13, in alate vivipara .17-.23) and number of 
sensoria on III in alatae (4-7 in sexupara and 7-11 in fundatrigenia). 
This species is very close to P. betae Doane (1900:391) but betae has not 
been found in galls on Populus in its native territory according to Swain 
(1919:142), Essig (1926, 1948 ed:261) and Lange (1944:735). 
A. C. Maxson apparently established the poplar as the winter host for the 
Pemphigus on sugar beet in Colorado as shown by the following quotation from 
his correspondence with Gillette, March 17, 1917: “This I did by placing a twig 
(of Populus angustifolia) in the cage when the sexuparae were leaving the beet, 
secured the sexuales and later the eggs (on this twig). The twig was tied to a 
sterilized narrowleaf poplar seedling growing in the laboratory and the process 
from egg to gall making and later migrants secured which were identical to 
balsamiferae as was the gall produced.” 
[Genotype Pemphigus bursarius (Linnaeus) ] 
Aphis bursaria Linnaeus, 1758:453. 
Pemphigus hag a) Tullgren, 1909: 114; Theobald, 1929: pda 
Fond. 
- 
Io 
Fundatrs XA 
\ ‘a 
(After Tv llgren) 
7i. 
Fig. 432. Pemphigus bursarius 
Fundatrix. Dull green; dusky on head; mealy; appendages dusky. Body length 2-2.2; 
hind tibia .30-.40; hind tarsal II .12-.13; antenna .27-.34; rostrum attaining aot coxa. Wax 
glands present. 
Apterous Vivipara. Yellowish white, with lateral spots. 
