310 Pellagra-Producing Diets. IV 
reserve food material. The endosperm is comparable in great 
measure with a mixture of purified protein, carbohydrate, fats, 
and inorganic salts. The germ with its high cellular content is 
relatively richer in both the fat-soluble A and water-soluble B 
than is the endosperm. 
The leaf, on the other hand, is a mosaic of living cells, which 
is the seat of the great synthetic activities of the growing plant. 
Corresponding to this difference in function, we have found equally 
great differences in dietary properties. 
SUMMARY OF DATA IN CHARTS. 
1. Even with food mixtures derived from two to five seeds 
we have not found it possible to induce any growth in young 
rats when the animals were given distilled water to drink, and 
were therefore, afforded no inorganic salt supply other than 
what was contained.in the seeds. The elements, sodium, chlorine, 
and calcium, are the only ones which must be added in order to 
make the seeds complete from the inorganic side. JIodine was 
given in the drinking water once each week. 
2.. There is some improvement in the biological values of the 
proteins of mixtures of seeds in all cases over the values of the 
proteins of the seeds fed singly. Doubtless in certain cases the 
values of such mixtures are high, but with simple mixtures of the 
cereal grains we have not been able to demonstrate a high pies 
of efficiency as a source of protein in any case. 
3. Millet seed and flaxseed are both distinctly better as sources 
of the fat-soluble A than are the cereal grains, wheat, maize, and 
oats. Mixtures of seeds containing one of these may, when 
properly supplemented with calcium, sodium, and chlorine, sup- 
port animals in apparently good health, and without the appear- 
ance of xerophthalmia. 
4. Emphasis is laid upon the close similarity of scout from the 
dietary standpoint and the danger of deriving the diet almost 
exclusively from this source. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
1. McCollum, E. V., and Simmonds, N., J. Biol. Chem., 1917, xxxii, 347. 
2. Forbes, E. B., Ohio Agric. Exp. Station, Bull. 207, 1909. 
