12 TH bsA U DUB ON, Bi UALS eae 
5. /WHITE-THROATED SPARROW. Common, often abundant, in gardens 
and about lawns and orchards, in flocks, April 15 to May 15, and again 
in September. Known by its soft, plaintive whistle and its white throat- 
patch and striped crown. 
6. jSNOWBIRD. JUNCO. Abundant about lawns, gardens and fields, in 
flocks, in March, April and October; occasional in winter. Known by the 
white outer tail-feather and slate-colored back and breast. 
7. INDIGO BirD. Frequent in trees about houses and fields, April 30 
to September. Whole bird a bright indigo-blue, which often looks black 
against the clear sky. 
8. GOLDFINCH. WILD CANARY. Frequent in fields and gardens, April 
25 to October. Known by its bright yellow color, with black cap and wings. 
Occasional in winter in dark plumage. 
9. YELLOW WARBLER. YELLOW BIRD. Frequent in trees about houses, 
crchards and open woods, May to September. Whole bird a bright yellow. 
Compare with the Goldfinch in coloring, shape of bill and feeding habits. 
This is one of a large family of active, bright-colored little birds that fill 
the trees and shrubbery of lawn, garden and orchard during the first two 
weeks of May and last two weeks of September. A good observer may 
find twenty-five species of warblers in a season. Their usefulness in 
ridding tender tree-buds of harmful insects cannot be estimated. 
10. BLACK AND WHITE WARBLER. Frequent in trees about lawns and 
orchards, May to September. Known by its black and white stripes run- 
ning lengthwise of the body, and its habit of creeping about tree trunks 
like a nuthatch. 
11. OVENBIRD. GOLDEN-CROWNED THRUSH. Frequent on the ground 
about gardens and bushy lawns, in May and September. Known by its 
spotted breast (like a thrush), its amusing habit of walking, and its loud 
song, “teacher, TEACHER, TEACHER.” | 
12. WARBLING VIREO. Frequent in trees of lawns everywhere, May to 
September. Known best by its song, a pleasing warble of eight or ten 
notes given at intervals of two or three minutes during the whole day. 
One of the few birds that sings all summer. 
13. BROWN CREEPER. Frequent on tree trunks in woods and about 
houses, in March, April, September and October; occasional in winter. 
Known by its persistent habit of creeping up tree trunks, by its slender 
bill, and brownish back. 
14. NUTHATCH. BLUE SAP-SUCKER. Frequent on tree trunks or limbs, 
in woods and about houses, in March, April, September and October, occa- 
sional in winter and summer. Known by the habit of creeping about the 
limbs and trunks of trees, often hanging head down and by the blue back 
with dark crown. 
15. CHICKADEE. Frequent in trees of woods and lawns, in flocks; in 
March, April, September and October; occasional in winter. Known by its 
“Chickadee-dee-dee” note, and gray plumage with black crown and throat. 
