PESTICIDE SECTION 
(Insecticides, Fungicides, Fumigants, Vermicides, Weed Killers, Spreaders, Stickers, 
Emulsifiers—Pages 50 to 66.) 
The sources of information and recommendations in connection with insect pests and diseases given in this 
catalog are the State Experiment Stations, The Kilgore Seed Company Laboratory, our technically trained 
field men, and many members of our store personnel who have had years of close contact with agricultural 
problems. 
Every attempt has been made to provide such information in a plain and simple form for the benefit of 
our growers. As, however, constant changes are taking place in the field of pesticidal problems because 
of new insect pests and diseases and the introduction of new pesticides, it is impossible to keep an annual 
catalog strictly up-to-date. We therefore invite you to remain in personal contact with our field and store 
men as much as possible. They will be glad to assist you whenever you are facing new problems. 
As truck farming becomes more extensive in Florida, we 
can naturally expect to have more diseases and insects to 
combat, which have already become a major factor in pro- 
ducing a profitable crop. The use of pesticides is now just 
as necessary as that of fertilizers and various modern cultural 
practices. There are many factors involved in the use of 
pesticides in relation to results desired, such as the choice of 
proper pesticides for the control of different diseases and 
insects, and the time and method of application. One cannot 
expect satisfactory control with poor or wrongly timed appli- 
cations. Too often the grower waits until the disease or insect 
has too much of a start before spraying or dusting. This 
usually is more expensive than starting off with a regular 
spray or dust program and keeping it up to prevent diseases 
and insects. He not only has to use excessive amounts of 
sprays or dusts to get control, but he also suffers considerable 
crop damage. Also, as a rule, it is much cheaper to use a 
combination spray or dust when one must contend with both 
insects and diseases, as one application may do both jobs. Most 
insecticides and fungicides are compatible and can be used 
together in sprays or dusts. Although we manufacture nu- 
mcrous combination dusts, only a few of the more important of 
such combinations are listed in this catalog. If you do not 
find the combination listed which you want, write to The 
Kilgore Seed Company, Plant City, Florida, or call at any of 
The Kilgore Seed Co. stores. 
With the aid of newly installed mixing and blending 
equipment in our Plant City factory, you can be assured that 
you will receive fresh and perfectly blended finished dusts 
properly formulated to meet your particular requirements. 
Only high-grade technical materials are used by us in produc- 
ing the various pesticidal compositions that you may desire. 
SANITATION 
The practice of sanitation is of such vital importance, that 
no grower can afford to ignore the subject. Yet, in many 
cases, serious losses result from a complete neglect of a few 
simple rules. Diseases will spread readily from sick to healthy 
plants by various means, depending upon the nature of the 
disease. Spores of many species of fungi are air- or wind-borne, 
while others may be scattered over fields in water, due to rain 
or irrigation. Insects, particularly those of the sucking type, 
such as aphids and thrips, play an important part in the 
dissemination of diseases. Certain cultural operations, such 
as pruning, picking, transplanting, etc., are greatly responsible 
for the scattering of diseases, especially those caused by bacteria 
and viruses (mosaic being a specific example of the latter). 
Considering the methods of infection mentioned, it becomes 
obvious that the source of the disease should be destroyed 
if at all possible. Affected plants, as well as dropped, decayed 
fruit, should be removed from the field and burned. Culti- 
vation should be clean and frequent. Mechanical injury to 
plants by plowing, spraying or picking operations should be 
avoided as much as possible. Crop rotation is essential, pro- 
vided that no other crop affected by the responsible diseases 
is grown for several years. This method often proves cheaper 
than an attempt to control the disease chemically. As weeds 
serve as host plants to many insects, which may be carriers of 
fungi, viruses and other undesirable organisms, the necessity 
for their eradication certainly becomes evident. Whenever 
practical, soil moisture should be kept fairly constant. Cor- 
rective measures should be adopted where soils are either too 
acid or too alkaline. 
MOSAIC 
Mosaic disease is caused by organisms (virus) in the sap of 
the affected plants. The viruses, as infectious principals, may 
be transmitted in various ways from diseased to healthy plants. 
Insects undoubtedly play an important part in the transmission 
of the disease, although it may be spread by other means, 
such as pruning operations, bruising of plants by workers or 
mechanical equipment, picking fruit, chewing tobacco ex- 
pectorations, and by other means. 
The symptoms of mosaic vary slightly in different plants, 
but in general, certain broad characteristic indications can be 
noted in most all infected plant types. There is usually a 
stunting or dwarfing of the plants, with accompanying pattern 
of light-yellowish areas merging with green patches, giving 
them a “mottled” effect. Usually there is a roughening of 
the surface, producing, in some cases, a warty appearance. 
Edges of leaves often cup downward. The fruit also may be 
mottled and warted. 
Mosaic has become a very costly and destructive disease on 
many crops, especially peppers, tomatoes, cucumbers and 
squash. ‘This disease apparently does not carry over in the 
soil, provided cover crops are turned under long enough to be 
decomposed before planting. The disease is carried from 
season to season in wild host plants (weeds) in*and around the 
field, and is transmitted to the plants in the field by insects, 
particularly aphids and thrips. 
Pepper and tomato seedbeds should have clean cultivation 
two or three weeks before planting the seed. The seedbeds 
should not be close to ditch banks or fence rows, unless the 
weeds near the beds are destroyed by weed killers or some 
other method. Smoking or the use of tobacco should not be 
permitted while working in the seedbeds or handling plants. 
Tobacco mosaic has been known to be carried on tobacco. If 
plants become affected with mosaic in the seedbeds, do not set 
them in the field. Once the plant gets the disease there is 
no known cure. 
The State Experiment Stations recognize the severity of the 
problem and they are now very much engaged in the attempt 
to develop effective control measures by chemical or bio- 
logical means. A serious effort is also being manifested in 
the development of resistant varieties of various vegetables 
commonly susceptible to virus diseases. In the event of success, 
such new varieties would hardly be available commercially 
for several years, and we again like to stress the importance of 
sanitary practices and effective insect and weed eradication as 
the only means of crop damage reduction at the present time. 
50 THE KILGORE SEED COMPANY, Florida’s Leading Seedsmen 
TRIBUTOg. 
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