TONICS. hs 119 
are sometimes furnished with one or two small scales, and 
bend downwards so as to nearly bury the Howers in the earth 
or decayed leaves. The plant grows in rich shady woods in 
the United States of America. It is a very strong bitter. 
The Indians used it before the time of Columbus, and was given 
by them as a remedy for the bite of the rattlesnake. Formerly 
it had a reputation for curing pleurisy and other inflammatory 
conditions when the blood is loaded with fibrine ; being a grand 
tonic it is indicated in low vitality of the system, scurvy, 
indigestion, fevers, &c. ‘The decoction is pre pared by boiling 
a 4 ounce of the bruised root in a pint of water for 10 to 20 
minutes, Dose: from half to a wineglass three times a day. 
Smaller doses may be given with advantage to weak children 
troubled with worms. 
CASCARILLA., 
Cascarilla is the bark of a shrub from three to five feet 
high. The stem is white, and marked at intervals with white 
or grayish stains. The leaves are toothed, from two to three 
inches in length, and by an inch or more in breadth, often 
somewhat heart-shaped at the base, pale or grayish-green 
above, and densely covered beneath with shining silvery 
scales, appearing white a a distance. The shrub is a native 
of the Bahamas, and grows in abundance in Andios, Long, 
and Hleutheria Islands. The bark is intensely bitter, a strong 
tonic. Half an ounce ina pint of boiling water will make a 
useful medicine for impaired appetite in doses of a wineglassful 
three or four times aday. There is one peculiarity about this 
bark, it gives off a pleasant odour when it is burned. We sell 
it to smokers to perfume their pipes. One of its chief uses is 
that of making incense. If you want to fill a room with its 
sweet smell, burn about a teaspoonful of the powder slowly, 
and keep in the smoke. In the course of a year we import 
about 300 lbs. of the bark. See index for price list of all 
goods. 
