Cultural Suggestions for Cascades 
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TYING AND PINCHING 
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(See Drawings and Photos) 
Suggestions for Culture of Cascades 
PREPARATION OF SOIL. The potting soil is pre- 
pared by mixing 2 parts by volume of fibrous loam of 
good structure, 2 parts well decayed leaf mold, and 1 
part of manure. In addition, a 5-inch pot full of bone 
meal or superphosphate may be incorporated to every 
3 bushels of mixture. This soil mixture may be prepared 
in large quantities and stored in shelter for later use. 
FERTILIZER. Twice a month, application of com- 
mercial fertilizer (liquid fertilizer preferred) should be 
made during the most active growing months for cas- 
cades commencing from mid-May up to the formation 
of buds. When dry commercial complete fertilizers are 
used, it is cautioned not to over-feed a plant, always 
remembering that light applications frequently made 
are far better than over-dosing it at any time. 
RE-POTTING. Plants may be put into 17-inch pots 
when bought from us. Two or three shiftings into larger 
pots are required during the season and these shifts 
should be made before plants from their first root net- 
work around the inside of their containers. Final repot- 
ting may be made about the middle of July or there- 
abouts and size of pots used depends on the size of 
Cascades. 
TYPING AND PINCHING. When the plant grows to 
about 12 inches tall (Drawing No. 1), it is bent from 
about the middle and its end tied to a fairly long No. 12 
size wire and is bent at an angle of 40 degrees (as in Fig. 
2). The supporting wire should point north and the lead- 
er must be tied to it with raffia (see Figs. 2 and 3) at 
least once a week All laterals and sub-laterals should be 
pinched at every second or third leaf joints as in Fig. 2, 
and this operation should be repeated continuously until 
around September 15. As the plant increases in width, 
an additional support is necessary to prevent toppling 
over on one side (see Fig. 4). The main leader is lowered 
gradually so that it will be in horizontal position around 
September 15, as in Fig. B. When buds begin to form, 
the main stem starts bending vertically from its hori- 
zontal position, with the surface of the plant facing 
south, as in picture No. 5. 
When buds begin to show color, the pot is placed on 
a high position so that the sprays will not touch the 
ground and bent to its final vertical position (as in Fig. 
C. Also see illustration of “Jane Harte”). 
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