(1 : 7000000), hvor ogsaa Snittenes geografiske Beliggenhed 
med tilsvarende Numer er angivet. Den verticale Maale- 
stok i Snittene er 5 Millimeter paa 100 Favne, eller, da 
1 eng. Favn er lig 1.82877 Meter, 5: 182877 eller 1 : 36575. 
Maalestokken for Dybderne forholder sig saaledes til Maa- 
lestokken for Horizontalafstandene som 7000000 til 86575 
eller som 191.4 til 1. 
Til Constructionen af Verticalsnittene er der benyttet de 
samme Lodskud som til Dybdekartet, Pl. I, med tilhørende 
Bundtemperaturer, og dei Pl. IT til VITT fremstillede Tem- 
peraturrækker. Isothermobatherne i Verticalsnittene ere 
bragte i Overensstemmelse med Kartet, Pl. XVI, over 
Havoverfladens aarlige Middeltemperatur, samt med Kar- 
terne, Pl. X VIT til XXV, over Temperaturens Fordeling 1 
100, 200, 800, 400, 500, 600, 1000, 1500 Faynes Dyb og 
ved Havbunden. 
Ovenover Lodskuddene er angivet deres Løbenumer. 
Til Venstre staar Dybdeskalaen, hvis Tal betegne Hundre- 
der af Favne. Paa Tversnittene, der gaa nogenlunde lod- 
ret paa Meridianerne, er nedenunder anbragt en Skala for 
Lengdegrader og Endestationernes Bredde anført. Paa 
Længdesnittene, der gaa langs Meridianer (Pl. XIV og XV 
samt XX VI), er øverst anbragt en Skala for Breddegrader. 
Paa de Snit (Pl. IX), der gaa omtrent i 45° Vinkel med 
Meridianerne, er Endestationernes Bredde og Længde an- 
givet nedenunder. Curverne i Tversnittene ere Isothermer 
i Verticalplanet eller, som de ogsaa kaldes, Isothermobather 
for hver hel Grad Celsius. I de dybere Lag ere Isother- 
mobather angivne, med prikkede Linier for — 0,5 og for 
hver Tiendedel Grad under — 1°. 
Tversnittet I (Pl. IX) gaar fra Porcupines Station 
No87 1 (59003850 Ne Br, 9° 112 WALæng den i en Bue 
over den søndre Side af Wyyille Thomson-Ryggen og Færø- 
Shetland-Renden, og videre gjennem dennes Axe til vor 
Station No. 52 1 65° 47’ N. Br., 3° 7 W. Længde. 
\ 
Paa den sydvestre Side — Atlanterhavssiden — af 
Wyville Thomson-Ryggen har man Varmegrader, med tem- 
melig jevnt aftagende Temperatur fra Overfladen til Bun- 
den. Paa den nordostlige Side af samme Ryg er Tempe- 
raturens Fordeling en anden. Varmegrader findes kun 
mellem Overfladen og et Dyb af 300--400 Favne. Under 
dette Lag findes alene Kuldegrader. Isothermobatherne 
fra 8° til 0° ligge meget tæt og betegne en rask Aftagen 
af Temperaturen med Dybden, eller en sterk Afkjøling fra 
neden opover. I de øverste Lag er Temperaturens Aftagen 
med Dybden svagere, og i de dybere Lag, hvor der hersker Kul- 
degrader, er den meget langsom. Den laveste Temperatur 
ved Bunden naar neppe — 19.2. Indenfor Færø-Shetland- 
Rendens Omraade have Isothermobatherne over 0° en Held- 
ning mod Sydvest, eller, jo længere man kommer mod 
Nordost, i desto højere Niveauer ligge de respective Tempe- 
raturer. 
62 
of Depth, Pl. I (1: 7000000), where, too, the geographical 
position of the sections, with the corresponding number, is 
given. The vertical scale in the sections is 5 millimetres 
to 100 fathoms, or as I English fathom equals 1.82877 
metre, 5: 182877, or 1: 36575. The standard for depth 
bears accordingly to the standard for horizontal distances 
the relation of 7000000 to 36575, or of 191.4 to 1. 
For constructing the vertical sections, the same sound- 
ings have been used as for the Map of Depth, Pl. I, with 
the bottom-temperatures, and the serial temperatures repre- 
sented in Plates ITT to VIII. The isothermobaths in the 
vertical sections have been made to agree with the map, 
Pl. XVI, showing the mean annual temperature of the 
sea-surface, as also with the maps, Plates XVII to XXV, 
showing the distribution of temperature at a depth of 100, 
200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 1000, 1500 fathoms, and at the 
bottom of the sea. 
Above the soundings, is given the number of each. 
On the left we have the scale of depth, the figures indicat- 
ing hundreds of fathoms. Below the transverse sections, 
which extend nearly perpendicular to the meridians, a scale 
has been placed for the degrees of longitude, and the 
latitude of the terminal Stations set down. Above the 
the longitudinal sections, that pass along the meridians 
(Pls. XIV, XV, and XXVI), is placed a scale for the 
degrees of latitude. In the sections (Pl. IX) -extending 
at about an angle of 45° with the meridians, the latitude 
and longitude of the terminal Stations is given below. The 
curves in the transverse sections are isotherms in the ver- 
tical plane, or, as likewise termed, isothermobaths, for 
every whole degree centigrade. In the deeper strata, the 
isothermobaths are indicated by dotted lines for — 0°.5 
and for every tenth of a degree below — 1°. 
Section I (Pl. IX) extends in a curve from the 
“Porcupine” Station No. 87, in lat. 59° 35’ N, long 9° 
11’ W, across the south side of the Wyville-Thomson 
Ridge and the Færoe-Shetland Channel, passing on, through 
the axis of the latter, to Station No. 52, in lat. 65° 47’ 
N, and long 3° 7 W. 
On the south-western, or Atlantic, side of the Wyville- 
Thomson Ridge, the temperature is above zero, and gradu- 
ally diminishes from the surface to the bottom. On the 
north-eastern side of the same ridge, the distribution of 
temperature is a different one. Temperatures above zero 
are observed only between the surface and a -depth 
of 300—400 fathoms. Below that stratum occur only 
temperatures below zero. The isothermobaths from 8° 
to 0° lie very close, and indicate a rapid diminution of 
temperature with depth, or a very considerable cooling 
from below upwards. In the uppermost strata, the de- 
crease of temperature with depth is less rapid, and in the 
deeper strata, where degrees below zero are found to 
prevail, it is very slow. The lowest temperature at the 
bottom reaches hardly — 1°.2. Within the limits of the 
Færoe-Shetland Channel, the isothermobaths above 0° exhibit 
a decline towards the south-west, or, the greater the 
