Kobberhylstrene, hvori Index-Thermometrene vare ind- 
fattede, havde Tougstjerter i Ringene paa øvre og nedre 
Ende, ved Hjelp af hvilke de fastgjordes til Lodlinen. 
Negretti & Zambra's Vendethermometre (1878) havde en 
længere Stjert i den Ende, hvor Kuglen er, og Stjertens 
anden Ende fastgjordes til Lodlinen. I 1876 hang Miller- 
Casella-Thermometrene, naar de ikke vare 1 Brug, i Skor- 
sten-Stagene foran denne. Gjennem en Luge i Dækket! 
strømmede varm Luft fra Kjedlens Overkant op og holdt 
Thermometrene stadig, naar Skibet var under Damp, paa 
en temmelig høj Temperatur. Dette var ganske hensigts- 
mæssigt, da Benyttelsen af Minimums-Indexen tilsiger, at 
Thermometret bør naa det Sted i Dybet, hvis Temperatur 
skal maales, med en højere Temperatur end Stedets. I 
1877 og 1878 havde vi en Bestiklugar paa Hyttedækket.? 
Paa Agterkant af denne opsloges en Række, med Huller, 
i hvilke Dybyandsthermometrene anbragtes. Som man af 
Figuren i Capt. Willes Afhandling vil forstaa, holdt ogsaa 
paa denne Plads Thermometrene sig varme. I 1878 havde 
jeg Instrumenterne anbragt, naar de ikke brugtes, 1 Ar- 
bejdssalonen. For hvert Lodskud eller Temperaturrække 
satte Jeg de til samme bestemte Thermometre op i Ræk- 
ken paa Bestikhuset og indførte paa Forhaand deres Num- 
mer i Loddejournalen ved de Dybder, til hvilke hvert af 
dem skulde benyttes. Da vi i 1878 arbejdede paa Dybet 
baade Dag og Nat uden Afbrydelse — Solen var altid 
over Horizonten — fandt jeg denne Ordning bekvem, navn- 
lig forsOperationerne om Natten. I Arbejdssalonen ved- 
ligeholdtes altid en almindelig Stue-Temperatur. 
Dybvandsthermometrene sammenlignedes gjentagne Gange 
med et Normalthermometer under hver af Rejserne. I 
1876 og 1877 foretoges disse Sammenligninger 1 en Pøs 
Vand paa Dekket efter gjentagen Omrøring med selve 
Instrumenterne. I 1878 brugte jeg en særskilt til dette 
Brug medtaget Comparator (Cylinderglas 20 cm. Diameter) 
med ringformet Rører, og foretog Sammenligningerne saavel 
paa Dæk som i Arbejdssalonen. 
I 1876 blev, da jeg ikke havde Sne eller Is ombord, 
Thermometrenes Nulpunkter ikke bestemte. I 1877 bestemte 
jeg Thermometrenes Nulpunkter i Tromsø den 10. Juli 
i smeltende Sne. Den 23. Juli 1878 sammenlignedes, 
paa Beeren-Kiland-Banken, Thermometrene med Buchan- 
ans Kviksølvpiezometer ved en Temperatur af 0.98, idet 
de i en Kurv vare nedfirede til 20 Favnes Dyb i Havet, 
altsaa en Comparation under nøjagtig de ved Observatio- 
nerne stedfindende Forhold. Et lignende Experiment fore- 
1 Wille. S. 3. 
2 Sammesteds. % Fig. 2. 
Apparaterne og deres Brug. o Fig. 2. 
The copper cases in which the index-thermometers 
were enclosed, had lanyards in the rings at the upper and 
the lower end, by means of which they were attached to the 
sounding-line. Negretti and Zambra’s inverting-thermome- 
ters (1878) had a somewhat longer cord at the end where 
the bulb is placed, and the upper end of this cord was 
made fast to the sounding-lme. In 1876, the Miller- 
Cassella thermometers, when not in use, hung suspended 
in the funnel-stays in front of the funnel. Through one 
of the hatchways' heated air from the upper surface of 
the boiler kept passing up, and gave the thermometers, 
when the vessel was under steam, a comparatively high 
temperature. This since the 
use of the minimum-index assumes the thermometer reach- 
to the place where the temperature has 
to be measured, with a higher temperature than pre- 
vails throughout that part of the deep. In 1877 
and 1878, we had the deckhouse erected on the round- 
house.” On the afterpart of the former we put up a 
board perforated with holes, in which the deep-sea thermome- 
ters were placed. As will appear from the figure in 
Capt. Wille’s Memoir, the thermometers got the requisite 
heat in this place too. On the cruise of 1878, the 
instruments, when not in use, were kept in the work- 
ing-room. For every sounding or series of temperatures, 
I had the thermometers to be used put in the board 
on the deckhouse, beforehand the number of 
each in the sounding-journal along with the depths for 
which they severally were intended to be used. In 1878, 
working as we then did in the deep both day and night without 
cessation — the sun was constantly above the horizon — 
I found this arrangement very convenient, more particu- 
larly for the night-operations. In the working-room, a tem- 
perature equal to that prevailing in most sitting-apartments 
was very advantageous, 
ing down 
entering 
was always kept up. 
The deep-sea thermometers I repeatedly compared with 
a standard-thermometer on each of the cruises. In 1876 
and 1877, these comparisons were made in a bucket of 
water on the deck of the vessel, after repeated stirring 
with the instruments themselves. In 1878, I adopted 
for this purpose a specially-devised comparator (a cy- 
lindric glass, diameter 20 em), with an annular-shaped 
stirrer, and made the comparisons both on deck and in 
the working-room. 
In 1876, there being neither snow nor ice on board, 
the zero-points of the thermometers could not be determined. 
In 1877, I determined the zero-points of the several 
thermometers at Tromsø, on the 10th of July, in melting 
snow. On the 23rd of July 1878, the thermometers 
were compared, on the Beeren-Eiland Bank, with Buchan- 
an’s Mercury-Piezometer, at a temperature of 0°.3, being 
lowered in a basket to a depth of 20 fathoms, accordingly 
a mode of comparison under precisely the same con- 
lo 
1 Wille. The Apparatus and How Used, p.3 0, fig. : 
2 Tid. 7, fie. 2. 
